Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of the nose caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The disease is largely non-amenable to medical therapy and shows high recurrence rates requiring patients to undergo multiple surgeries often resulting in increased morbidity.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological characteristics, treatment and outcome in rhinosporidiosis and to identify factors which predispose to recurrence of the disease.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data of all patients with a diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis confirmed by histopathology at a tertiary care hospital from 2015 to 2019.
RESULTS: There were 42 patients, 40 males and two females, with a mean age of 37.37 years. Disease showed bilateral involvement in 17 (40.48%) patients. Nineteen (45.24%) patients had more than two sites involved at initial presentation. Most patients had nasal cavity involvement followed by nasopharynx. Among the 28 patients who had a follow-up, 12 showed recurrent disease. However, 21 patients were disease free following a revision excision. Involvement of more than two sites was an independent significant factor for recurrence. On univariate analysis, other factors which showed statistically significant odds of developing recurrence were previous surgery (p = .054), involvement of nasal septum (p = .022), middle turbinate (p = .024), nasopharynx (p = .049) and posterior pharyngeal wall (p = .05). Factors which showed significantly less likelihood of developing a recurrence included patients who had less than 12 months duration from first symptom to intervention (p = .016), involvement of less than two sites (p = .0003) and unilateral disease (p = .019).
CONCLUSIONS: Early intervention in rhinosporidiosis especially when the disease is unilateral and involves less than two sites improves the outcome.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological characteristics, treatment and outcome in rhinosporidiosis and to identify factors which predispose to recurrence of the disease.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data of all patients with a diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis confirmed by histopathology at a tertiary care hospital from 2015 to 2019.
RESULTS: There were 42 patients, 40 males and two females, with a mean age of 37.37 years. Disease showed bilateral involvement in 17 (40.48%) patients. Nineteen (45.24%) patients had more than two sites involved at initial presentation. Most patients had nasal cavity involvement followed by nasopharynx. Among the 28 patients who had a follow-up, 12 showed recurrent disease. However, 21 patients were disease free following a revision excision. Involvement of more than two sites was an independent significant factor for recurrence. On univariate analysis, other factors which showed statistically significant odds of developing recurrence were previous surgery (p = .054), involvement of nasal septum (p = .022), middle turbinate (p = .024), nasopharynx (p = .049) and posterior pharyngeal wall (p = .05). Factors which showed significantly less likelihood of developing a recurrence included patients who had less than 12 months duration from first symptom to intervention (p = .016), involvement of less than two sites (p = .0003) and unilateral disease (p = .019).
CONCLUSIONS: Early intervention in rhinosporidiosis especially when the disease is unilateral and involves less than two sites improves the outcome.
摘要：
背景：鼻孔孢子病是一种慢性鼻部肉芽肿性疾病。该疾病在很大程度上不适合药物治疗，并且显示出高复发率，需要患者进行多次手术，通常会导致发病率增加。
目的：分析流行病学，临床,组织病理学特征，鼻孢子虫病的治疗和结果，并确定易患该病复发的因素。
方法：回顾性分析2015年至2019年在三级护理医院经组织病理学证实诊断为鼻孢子虫病的所有患者的数据。
结果：共有42例患者，40名男性和两名女性，平均年龄37.37岁.17例（40.48％）患者的疾病表现为双侧受累。19例（45.24%）患者在初次就诊时涉及两个以上的部位。大多数患者有鼻腔受累，其次是鼻咽。在接受随访的28名患者中，12显示疾病复发。然而,21例患者在翻修切除术后无疾病。两个以上部位的参与是复发的独立重要因素。在单变量分析中，其他显示有统计学意义的复发几率的因素是以前的手术（p=.054），鼻中隔受累（p=.022），中鼻甲（p=.024），鼻咽（p=.049）和咽后壁（p=.05）。显示复发可能性明显较低的因素包括从首发症状到干预的持续时间少于12个月的患者（p=0.016），受累少于两个部位（p=.0003）和单侧疾病（p=.019）。
结论：对鼻孢子虫病的早期干预，尤其是当疾病是单侧的并且涉及不到两个部位时，可改善预后。
目的：分析流行病学，临床,组织病理学特征，鼻孢子虫病的治疗和结果，并确定易患该病复发的因素。
方法：回顾性分析2015年至2019年在三级护理医院经组织病理学证实诊断为鼻孢子虫病的所有患者的数据。
结果：共有42例患者，40名男性和两名女性，平均年龄37.37岁.17例（40.48％）患者的疾病表现为双侧受累。19例（45.24%）患者在初次就诊时涉及两个以上的部位。大多数患者有鼻腔受累，其次是鼻咽。在接受随访的28名患者中，12显示疾病复发。然而,21例患者在翻修切除术后无疾病。两个以上部位的参与是复发的独立重要因素。在单变量分析中，其他显示有统计学意义的复发几率的因素是以前的手术（p=.054），鼻中隔受累（p=.022），中鼻甲（p=.024），鼻咽（p=.049）和咽后壁（p=.05）。显示复发可能性明显较低的因素包括从首发症状到干预的持续时间少于12个月的患者（p=0.016），受累少于两个部位（p=.0003）和单侧疾病（p=.019）。
结论：对鼻孢子虫病的早期干预，尤其是当疾病是单侧的并且涉及不到两个部位时，可改善预后。
