PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Titanium particles as a product of degradation have been detected in periimplant oral tissues and it has been assumed that implants were the source of these particles. Periimplantitis sites had higher concentrations of particles in comparison to healthy implant sites. Several factors have been identified in the degradation of dental implant surface, such as mechanical wear, contact with chemical agents, and the effects of biofilm adhesion. Titanium particles silently prompt the immune-system activation and generate a pro-inflammatory response in macrophages, T lymphocytes and monocytes. During the activation, inflammatory cytokines are released including, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), prostaglandin, and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6. The nanoparticles depict unique features such as high level of biological reactivity and potentially harmful compared to microparticles since they have a relatively greater surface area to volume ratio. Allergic response to titanium as a cause of implant failure has not been well documented. Evidence demonstrating biological complication due to titanium particles release includes peri-implant tissue inflammation that lead terminally to implant loss. There is a biological probability for a relation between the presence of titanium particles and ions, biological complication, and corrosion, but there is no justifiable evidence for unidirectional series of causative actions.
摘要：
在种植体周围口腔组织中已检测到钛颗粒作为降解产物，并且认为种植体是这些颗粒的来源。与健康的植入部位相比，植入周炎部位的颗粒浓度更高。已经确定了牙科植入物表面降解的几个因素，如机械磨损，接触化学试剂，以及生物膜粘附的影响。钛颗粒默默地促进免疫系统激活，并在巨噬细胞中产生促炎反应，T淋巴细胞和单核细胞。在激活过程中,炎症细胞因子被释放，包括，粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF），前列腺素,和TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6.与微粒相比,纳米颗粒具有独特的特征,例如高水平的生物反应性和潜在的有害性,因为它们具有相对较大的表面积与体积比。对钛的过敏反应作为植入物失败的原因尚未得到充分记录。证明钛颗粒释放引起的生物并发症的证据包括最终导致植入物损失的植入物周围组织炎症。钛颗粒和离子的存在之间存在生物学上的可能性，生物并发症，和腐蚀，但是没有合理的证据表明单向的一系列因果关系。
