PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Canine and feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome is a common neurodegenerative disorder of old age and a natural model of human Alzheimer\'s disease. With the unavoidable expanding life expectancy, an increasing number of small animals will be affected. Although there is no cure, early detection and intervention are vitally important to delay cognitive decline. Knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying disease onset and progression is an equally decisive factor for developing effective approaches. Uncontrolled neuroinflammation, orchestrated in the central nervous system mainly by astrocytes, microglia, and resident mast cells, is currently acknowledged as a hallmark of neurodegeneration. This has prompted scientists to find a way to rebalance the altered crosstalk between these cells. In this context, great emphasis has been given to the role played by the expanded endocannabinoid system, i.e., endocannabinoidome, because of its prominent role in physiological and pathological neuroinflammation. Within the endocannabinoidome, great attention has been paid to palmitoylethanolamide due to its safe and pro-homeostatic effects. The availability of new ultramicronized formulations highly improved the oral bioavailability of palmitoylethanolamide, paving the way to its dietary use. Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide has been repeatedly tested in animal models of age-related neurodegeneration with promising results. Data accumulated so far suggest that supplementation with ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide helps to accomplish successful brain aging.
摘要：
犬和猫认知功能障碍综合征是一种常见的老年神经退行性疾病,是人类阿尔茨海默病的自然模型。随着预期寿命不可避免的延长，越来越多的小动物将受到影响。虽然没有治愈方法,早期发现和干预对延缓认知能力下降至关重要.了解疾病发作和进展的细胞和分子机制同样是开发有效方法的决定性因素。无法控制的神经炎症，主要由星形胶质细胞在中枢神经系统中协调，小胶质细胞,和常驻的肥大细胞，目前被认为是神经变性的标志。这促使科学家找到一种方法来重新平衡这些细胞之间改变的串扰。在这种情况下，人们非常重视扩大的内源性大麻素系统所起的作用，即，内源性大麻素，因为它在生理和病理神经炎症中的重要作用。在内源性大麻素体内，棕榈酰乙醇胺由于其安全和促进稳态的作用而受到了极大的关注。新的超微粉化制剂的可用性大大提高了棕榈酰乙醇胺的口服生物利用度，为其饮食用途铺平道路。超微粉碎的棕榈酰乙醇胺已在与年龄相关的神经变性的动物模型中进行了反复测试，并获得了有希望的结果。迄今为止积累的数据表明，补充超微的棕榈酰乙醇胺有助于成功实现大脑衰老。
