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Abstract：
Stress-related psychiatric disorders including depression involve complex cellular and molecular changes in the brain, and GABAergic signaling dysfunction is increasingly implicated in the etiology of mood disorders. Parvalbumin (PV)-expressing neurons are fast-spiking interneurons that, among other roles, coordinate synchronous neuronal firing. Mounting evidence suggests that the PV neuron phenotype is altered by stress and in mood disorders. In this systematic review, we assessed PV interneuron alterations in psychiatric disorders as reported in human postmortem brain studies and animal models of environmental stress. This review aims to 1) comprehensively catalog evidence of PV cell function in mood disorders (humans) and stress models of mood disorders (animals); 2) analyze the strength of evidence of PV interneuron alterations in various brain regions in humans and rodents; 3) determine whether the modulating effect of antidepressant treatment, physical exercise, and environmental enrichment on stress in animals associates with particular effects on PV function; and 4) use this information to guide future research avenues. Its principal findings, derived mainly from rodent studies, are that stress-related changes in PV cells are only reported in a minority of studies, that positive findings are region-, age-, sex-, and stress recency-dependent, and that antidepressants protect from stress-induced apparent PV cell loss. These observations do not currently translate well to humans, although the postmortem literature on the topic remains limited.
摘要：
与压力有关的精神疾病，包括抑郁症，涉及大脑中复杂的细胞和分子变化，和GABA能信号传导功能障碍越来越多地与心境障碍的病因有关。表达小白蛋白（PV）的神经元是快速尖峰的中间神经元，在其他角色中，协调同步神经元放电。越来越多的证据表明，PV神经元表型因压力和情绪障碍而改变。在这次系统审查中，我们评估了人类死后脑研究和环境应激动物模型中报告的精神疾病中PV中间神经元的改变.这篇综述旨在1）全面分类PV细胞在情绪障碍（人类）和情绪障碍（动物）的应激模型中的功能证据;2）分析人类和啮齿动物不同脑区PV中间神经元改变的证据强度;3）确定抗抑郁治疗的调节作用，体育锻炼,和环境富集对动物的压力与对PV功能的特定影响有关；4）使用此信息来指导未来的研究途径。其主要发现,主要来自啮齿动物研究，仅仅在少数研究中报道了与压力相关的PV电池变化，积极的发现是区域性的-，年龄-,sex-,和压力近在咫尺，抗抑郁药可以防止应激引起的明显PV电池损失。这些观察目前不能很好地转化为人类，尽管有关该主题的验尸文献仍然有限。
