PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Melatonin is a hormone, synthesized in the pineal gland, which primarily controls the circadian rhythm of the body. In recent years, melatonin has also been shown to regulate metabolism, provide neuroprotection, and act as an anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenger. There has also been a recent research interest in the role of melatonin in regulating mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are pivotal for their ability to differentiate into a variety of different tissues. There is also increasing evidence for the therapeutic prospects of MSCs via paracrine signaling. In addition to secreting cytokines and chemokines, MSCs can secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), allowing them to respond to injury and promote tissue regeneration. While there has been a major research interest in the use of MSCs for regenerative medicine, the clinical application is limited by many risks, including tumorigenicity, senescence, and sensitivity to toxic environments. The use of MSC-derived EVs for cell-free therapy can potentially avoid the disadvantages of MSCs, which makes this an exciting prospect for regenerative medicine. Prior research has shown that MSCs, via paracrine mechanisms, can identify receptor-independent responses to melatonin and then activate a series of downstream pathways, which exert a variety of effects, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. Here we review the synthesis of melatonin, its mechanisms of action, and the effect of melatonin on MSCs via paracrine signaling. Furthermore, we summarize the current clinical applications of melatonin and discuss future prospects.
摘要：
褪黑激素是一种激素,在松果体中合成，主要控制身体的昼夜节律。近年来,褪黑激素也被证明可以调节新陈代谢，提供神经保护，起到消炎药的作用，自由基清除剂.最近对褪黑激素在调节间充质基质细胞（MSC）中的作用也有研究兴趣。MSC分化成多种不同组织的能力是关键的。也有越来越多的证据表明MSCs通过旁分泌信号传导的治疗前景。除了分泌细胞因子和趋化因子，MSCs可以分泌细胞外囊泡（EV），允许它们对损伤做出反应并促进组织再生。虽然有一个主要的研究兴趣在使用MSC的再生医学，临床应用受到许多风险的限制，包括致瘤性，衰老，和对有毒环境的敏感性。使用MSC衍生的EV进行无细胞治疗可以潜在地避免MSC的缺点，这对再生医学来说是一个令人兴奋的前景。先前的研究表明，MSC，通过旁分泌机制，可以识别对褪黑激素的非受体依赖性反应，然后激活一系列下游途径，发挥各种效果，包括抗肿瘤和抗炎作用。在这里，我们回顾褪黑激素的合成，其作用机制,褪黑素通过旁分泌信号对MSCs的影响。此外，本文对褪黑素的临床应用现状进行了综述,并对其未来前景进行了展望。
