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Abstract：
Kadsura coccinea (KC), a beneficial plant for human health, has been used for centuries in China, Thailand, and Korea in folk medicine and food. There is evidence supporting the biological effects of highly bioactive ingredients in KC such as lignans, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, steroids, and amino acids. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects, functions, and mechanisms of the extracts from KC root (KCR), stem (KCS), leaf (KCL), and fruit (KCF) in UVA and UVB-irradiated keratinocytes and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-stimulated melanocytes. First, the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of KCR, KCS, KCL, and KCF and their radical scavenging activities were investigated. These parameters were found to be in the following order: KCL > KCR > KCS > KCF. UVA and UVB-irradiated keratinocytes were treated with KCR, KCS, KCL, and KCF, and keratinocyte viability, LDH release, intracellular ROS production, and apoptosis were examined. Our results demonstrated that KC extracts improved keratinocyte viability and reduced LDH release, intracellular ROS production, and apoptosis in the presence UVA and UVB irradiation. The overall photoprotective activity of the KC extracts was confirmed in the following order: KCL > KCR > KCS > KCF. Moreover, KC extracts significantly decreased the intracellular melanin content and tyrosinase activity in α-MSH-stimulated melanocytes. Mechanistically, KC extracts reduced the protein and mRNA expression levels of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) in α-MSH-stimulated melanocytes. In addition, these extracts markedly downregulated myophthalmosis-related transcription factor expression and cAMP-related binding protein phosphorylation, which is upstream of the regulation of Tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. The overall anti-melanogenic activity of the KC extracts was established in the following order. KCL > KCR > KCS > KCF. Overall, the KC extracts exert photoprotective and anti-melanogenic effects, providing a basis for developing potential skin-whitening and photoprotective agents.
摘要：
Kadsuracoccinea(KC),对人类健康有益的植物，在中国已经使用了几个世纪，泰国,和韩国在民间医药和食品方面。有证据支持KC中高度生物活性成分的生物学效应，如木酚素，三萜类，黄酮类化合物，酚酸，类固醇,和氨基酸。在这项研究中,我们的目的是探索效果，功能,和KC根提取物（KCR）的机制，茎（KCS），leaf(KCL),UVA和UVB照射的角质形成细胞和α-黑素细胞刺激激素（α-MSH）刺激的黑素细胞中的果实（KCF）。首先,KCR的总多酚和黄酮含量，KCS,KCL,和KCF及其自由基清除活性进行了研究。发现这些参数按以下顺序:KCL>KCR>KCS>KCF。UVA和UVB照射的角质形成细胞用KCR处理，KCS,KCL,KCF,和角质形成细胞的活力，LDH释放,细胞内ROS的产生，和细胞凋亡进行了检查。我们的结果表明，KC提取物改善角质形成细胞的活力和减少LDH释放，细胞内ROS的产生，在UVA和UVB照射下细胞凋亡。KC提取物的总光保护活性按以下顺序确认:KCL>KCR>KCS>KCF。此外，KC提取物显着降低了α-MSH刺激的黑素细胞中的细胞内黑色素含量和酪氨酸酶活性。机械上,KC提取物降低了酪氨酸酶的蛋白和mRNA表达水平，酪氨酸酶相关蛋白-1（TRP-1），α-MSH刺激的黑素细胞中的酪氨酸酶相关蛋白2（TRP-2）。此外,这些提取物显著下调了眼病相关转录因子的表达和cAMP相关结合蛋白的磷酸化，它是酪氨酸酶调节的上游，TRP-1和TRP-2。按以下顺序确定KC提取物的总体抗黑色素生成活性。KCL>KCR>KCS>KCF。总的来说,KC提取物发挥光保护和抗黑色素生成作用，为开发潜在的皮肤美白和光保护剂提供了基础。
