PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This paper revises the use of polymer nanocomposites to attenuate high-energy electromagnetic radiation (HE-EMR), such as gamma radiation. As known, high-energy radiation produces drastic damage not only in facilities or electronic devices but also to life and the environment. Among the different approaches to attenuate the HE-EMR, we consider the use of compounds with a high atomic number (Z), such as lead, but as known, lead is toxic. Therefore, different works have considered low-toxicity post-transitional metal-based compounds, such as bismuth. Additionally, nanosized particles have shown higher performance to attenuate HE-EMR than those that are micro-sized. On the other hand, materials with π-conjugated systems can also play a role in spreading the energy of electrons ejected as a consequence of the interaction of HE-EMR with matter, preventing the ionization and bond scission of polymers. The different effects produced by the interactions of the matter with HE-EMR are revised. The increase of the shielding properties of lightweight, flexible, and versatile materials such as polymer-based materials can be a contribution for developing technologies to obtain more efficient materials for preventing the damage produced for the HE-EMR in different industries where it is found.
摘要：
本文修订了使用聚合物纳米复合材料来衰减高能电磁辐射（HE-EMR），比如伽马辐射。众所周知,高能辐射不仅在设施或电子设备中，而且对生命和环境造成严重破坏。在减弱HE-EMR的不同方法中，我们考虑使用具有高原子序数(Z)的化合物，比如铅，但众所周知,铅是有毒的。因此,不同的工作都考虑了低毒性的过渡后金属基化合物，比如铋。此外,纳米尺寸的颗粒显示出比微米尺寸的颗粒更高的性能来衰减HE-EMR。另一方面,具有π-共轭系统的材料也可以在传播由于HE-EMR与物质相互作用而发射的电子能量中发挥作用，防止聚合物的电离和键断裂。修订了物质与HE-EMR相互作用产生的不同影响。轻质屏蔽性能的增加，灵活,和多功能材料，如聚合物基材料可以是开发技术的贡献，以获得更有效的材料，以防止在不同行业中发现HE-EMR产生的损害。
