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Abstract：
Diarrhea is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pre-weaned dairy calves and, as such, represents a significant animal health and welfare concern. Furthermore, digestive disease early in life is associated with several long-term consequences such as reduced growth rate and decreased milk yield during the first lactation, thus generating severe economic losses. The majority of diarrheic cases in young calves are treated with antimicrobials; however, it is necessary to develop alternative treatments, as excessive antimicrobial usage can lead to antimicrobial resistance and can negatively impact the gut microflora of a calf. Bovine colostrum is abundant in immune and bioactive factors that improve immune function and development. This rich and natural combination of immunoglobulins, natural antimicrobial factors, growth factors, anti-inflammatories and nutrients may be an attractive alternative to antimicrobials in the treatment of diarrhea in young dairy calves. There is evidence that supports the use of colostrum as an early treatment for diarrhea in young calves. Future research should investigate its therapeutic and economic effectiveness.
摘要：
腹泻是断奶前奶牛发病和死亡的主要原因,因此，代表了一个重大的动物健康和福利问题。此外，生命早期的消化系统疾病与一些长期后果有关，例如在第一次哺乳期间生长速度降低和产奶量降低，从而造成严重的经济损失。大多数小牛腹泻病例都是用抗菌药物治疗的；然而，有必要开发替代疗法，因为抗生素的过度使用会导致抗生素耐药性，并可能对小腿的肠道微生物区系产生负面影响。牛初乳中含有丰富的免疫和生物活性因子，可提高免疫功能和发育。这种丰富和天然的免疫球蛋白组合，天然抗菌因子，生长因子，在乳牛幼年腹泻的治疗中，抗炎药和营养素可能是抗微生物剂的有吸引力的替代品。有证据支持使用初乳作为幼牛腹泻的早期治疗。未来的研究应该调查其治疗和经济有效性。
