Abstract：
In this study, we extracted essential oils from four species of plants with lemony scents (Melissa officinalis L., Aloysia citriodora Palau (= Lippia citriodora (Palau) Kunth), Thymus × citriodorus, Perilla citriodora (Makino) Nakai). We then examined the components of extracts using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A comparison of components indicated that the largest proportions of essential oils were caryophyllene (25%) in M. officinalis, geraniol (50%) in T. citriodorus, and citral (61 and 82%) in A. citriodora and P. citriodora. Moreover, we used a sensory evaluation method using dilute aqueous solutions of extract components, citral, linalool, d-limonene, and geraniol, to select the mixture with a flavor that mostly resembled lemon. The participants in the study felt that an aqueous citral solution flavored more like lemon than aqueous d-limonene. Furthermore, an open field study of sedative effects of citral and d-limonene, when inhaled, on mice demonstrated that citral exhibited a sedative effect at a lower concentration than that of d-limonene.
摘要：
在这项研究中,我们从四种具有柠檬味的植物中提取精油（MelissaofficinalisL.，citriodorapalau(=Lippiacitriodora(Palau)Kunth),胸腺×柑橘，紫苏（牧野）Nakai）。然后，我们使用气相色谱（GC）和GC-质谱（GC-MS）检查了提取物的成分。成分的比较表明，香精油的最大比例是石竹烯（25％）。香叶醇(50%)，和柠檬醛(61%和82%)。此外，我们使用了一种感官评价方法，使用提取物成分的稀水溶液，柠檬醛,芳樟醇,d-柠檬烯,和香叶醇,选择味道大多类似于柠檬的混合物。研究的参与者认为，柠檬醛水溶液比d-柠檬烯水溶液更像柠檬。此外，柠檬醛和d-柠檬烯的镇静作用的开放领域研究，当吸入时，在小鼠上证明柠檬醛在低于d-柠檬烯的浓度下表现出镇静作用。
