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Abstract：
Theileria parasites commonly infect African wild artiodactyls. In rare roan (Hippotragus equinus) and sable (H. niger) antelopes, Theileria sp. (sable)-associated calf mortalities constrain breeding programs. The pathogenicity of most leukocyte-transforming Theileria spp. originates in their invasion of and multiplication in various mononuclear leukocytes, the transformation of both infected and uninfected leukocytes, and their infiltration of multiple organs. Understanding the pathogenesis of theileriosis can be improved by the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify the localization of the parasites in tissue sections. Our aim was to develop a reproducible IHC assay to detect leukocyte-associated Theileria parasites in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded roan and sable tissues. Polyclonal antibodies were purified from the sera of 5 roans from an area endemic for Theileria sp. (sable) and tested for IHC reactivity in 55 infected and 39 control roan and sable antelopes, and for antigen and species cross-reactivity in an additional 58 cases. The 3 strongest antibodies consistently detected intraleukocytic theilerial antigens in known positive cases in roan and sable antelopes, and also detected other Theileria spp. in non-hippotraginid wild artiodactyl tissues. The antibodies did not cross-react with other apicomplexan protozoa, with the exception of Cryptosporidium. Given that PCR on its own cannot determine the significance of theilerial infection in wild ruminants, IHC is a useful laboratory test with which to confirm the diagnosis in these species.
摘要：
Theileria寄生虫通常感染非洲野生偶蹄动物。在稀有的罗马（马蹄河马）和黑貂（H.尼日尔)羚羊，Theileriasp.（黑貂）相关的小牛死亡率限制了繁殖计划。大多数白细胞转化的Theileriaspp的致病性。起源于它们在各种单核白细胞中的侵入和增殖，感染和未感染的白细胞的转化，以及它们对多个器官的渗透。通过使用免疫组织化学（IHC）鉴定组织切片中寄生虫的定位，可以改善对Theileriosis发病机理的了解。我们的目的是开发一种可重复的IHC测定法，以检测福尔马林固定的白细胞相关的Theileria寄生虫，石蜡包埋的罗马和黑貂组织。从Theileriasp的流行地区的5个roans的血清中纯化多克隆抗体。（黑貂）并测试了55种感染和39种对照动物和黑貂的IHC反应性，以及抗原和物种交叉反应性的另外58例。3种最强的抗体在已知的阳性病例中始终检测到细胞内抗原，还发现了其他Theileria物种.在非海马类野生偶蹄动物组织中。这些抗体没有与其他尖丛原生动物发生交叉反应，除了隐孢子虫.鉴于PCR本身无法确定野生反刍动物感染的重要性，IHC是一种有用的实验室测试，用于确认这些物种的诊断。
