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Abstract：
Several pilot studies have provided evidence supporting the potential of classic psychedelics like psilocybin in the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). If larger trials confirm efficacy, classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may eventually be integrated into existing addiction treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy, contingency management, and medication-assisted therapies. Many individuals seeking treatment for SUDs also join twelve-step facilitation (TSF) programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), which are among the most widely available and accessed treatments for alcohol use disorder worldwide. For such individuals, engaging in classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy could be seen as controversial, as members of AA/TSF programs have historically rejected medication-assisted treatments in favor of a pharmacotherapy-free approach. We argue that classic psychedelics and the subjective experiences they elicit may represent a special, more compatible case than conventional medications. In support of this claim, we describe Bill Wilson\'s (the founder of AA) little known experiences with psychedelics and on this basis, we argue that aspects of classic psychedelic treatments could complement AA/TSF programs. We provide a review of clinical trials evaluating psychedelics in the context of SUDs and discuss their potential large-scale impact should they be ultimately integrated into AA/TSF.
摘要：
一些试点研究提供了证据，支持像psilocybin这样的经典迷幻药在治疗物质使用障碍（SUDs）中的潜力。如果更大的试验证实疗效，经典的迷幻辅助心理治疗可能最终被整合到现有的成瘾治疗中，如认知行为疗法，应急管理，和药物辅助治疗。许多寻求SUD治疗的人也加入了十二步促进（TSF）计划，例如戒酒匿名（AA），这是世界上最广泛可用和获得的酒精使用障碍治疗方法之一。对于这样的个人,从事经典的迷幻辅助心理治疗可能会被视为有争议的，由于AA/TSF计划的成员历来拒绝药物辅助治疗，而倾向于无药物治疗方法。我们认为，经典的迷幻药及其引发的主观体验可能代表着一种特殊的，比传统药物更兼容的情况。为了支持这一说法，我们描述了比尔·威尔逊（AA的创始人）鲜为人知的迷幻药经历，并在此基础上，我们认为，经典迷幻疗法的各个方面可以补充AA/TSF计划。我们提供了在SUD背景下评估迷幻药的临床试验的综述，并讨论了它们最终整合到AA/TSF中的潜在大规模影响。
