PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Skeletal muscle is composed of multinuclear cells called myofibres, which are formed by the fusion of myoblasts during development. The size of the muscle fiber and mass of skeletal muscle are altered in response to several pathological and physiological conditions. Skeletal muscle regeneration is primarily mediated by muscle stem cells called satellite cells (SCs). In response to injury, these SCs replenish myogenic progenitor cells to form new myofibers to repair damaged muscle. During myogenesis, activated SCs proliferate and differentiate to myoblast and then fuse with one another to form muscle fibers. A reduced number of SCs and an inability to undergo myogenesis may contribute to skeletal muscle disorders such as atrophy, cachexia, and sarcopenia. Myogenic regulatory factors (MRF) are transcription factors that regulate myogenesis and determines whether SCs will be in the quiescent, activated, committed, or differentiated state. Mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress play a role in the determination of the fate of SCs. The potential activation and function of SCs are also affected by inflammation during skeletal muscle regeneration. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) show promise to reduce inflammation, maintain muscle mass during aging, and increase the functional capacity of the muscle. The aim of this critical review is to highlight the role of omega-3 PUFAs on the myogenic differentiation of SCs and pathways affected during the differentiation process, including mitochondrial function and inflammation from the current body of literature.
摘要：
骨骼肌由称为肌纤维的多核细胞组成，它们是由成肌细胞在发育过程中融合形成的。肌肉纤维的大小和骨骼肌的质量响应于几种病理和生理条件而改变。骨骼肌再生主要由称为卫星细胞(SC)的肌肉干细胞介导。为了应对伤害，这些SCs补充生肌祖细胞以形成新的肌纤维来修复受损的肌肉。在肌生成过程中,激活的SCs增殖并分化为成肌细胞，然后相互融合形成肌纤维。减少数量的SCs和无法进行肌肉发生可能有助于骨骼肌疾病，如萎缩，恶病质,和肌少症.生肌调节因子（MRF）是调节肌生成并决定SC是否处于静止状态的转录因子，激活,承诺,或分化状态。线粒体氧化磷酸化和氧化应激在决定SCs命运中起感化。在骨骼肌再生过程中,SC的潜在活化和功能也受到炎症的影响。Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）有望减少炎症，在衰老过程中保持肌肉质量，增加肌肉的功能。这篇重要综述的目的是强调omega-3PUFA在分化过程中受影响的SCs和途径的成肌分化中的作用。包括目前文献中的线粒体功能和炎症。
