METHODS: A retrospective and prospective observational descriptive study was conducted in a Spanish tertiary hospital (January 2000 to December 2018). One hundred sixty pediatric patients with epilepsy were treated with KDT (82 males; mean age 5 years 9 months). Seizures, anti-epileptic drugs, anthropometric measures, side effects, and laboratory assessment were monitored baseline and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after the onset of KDT.
RESULTS: In these time intervals, the seizure-free patients were: 13.7, 12.5, 14.4 and 10.6%, respectively, and a reduction of seizures≥50% was achieved in 41.9, 37.5, 28.7 and 16.2%. Side effects were frequent, especially digestive disorders, hypercalciuria, hypoglycemia, hepatic dysfunction and dyslipidemia. Prealbumin, retinol binding protein, vitamin A and magnesium decreased significantly. Height was affected, especially in children below 2 years.
CONCLUSIONS: KDT are effective for refractory epilepsy in children. However, adverse effects are frequent, and it may affect nutritional status and growth.
方法:在西班牙一家三级医院(2000年1月至2018年12月)进行了一项回顾性和前瞻性观察性描述性研究。160例小儿癫痫患者接受了KDT治疗(男性82例;平均年龄5岁9个月)。癫痫发作,抗癫痫药物,人体测量,副作用,和实验室评估在基线和KDT发病后3,6,12和24个月进行监测.
结果:在这些时间间隔中,无癫痫患者分别为:13.7、12.5、14.4和10.6%,分别,41.9、37.5、28.7和16.2%的癫痫发作减少≥50%。副作用很频繁,尤其是消化系统疾病,高钙尿症,低血糖,肝功能异常和血脂异常。前白蛋白,视黄醇结合蛋白,维生素A和镁显著下降。身高受到影响,尤其是2岁以下的儿童。
结论:KDT治疗儿童难治性癫痫有效。然而,不良反应频繁,它可能会影响营养状况和生长。