PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Mitral valve disease is common. Mitral regurgitation is the second most frequent indication for valve surgery in Europe and despite the decline of rheumatic fever in Western societies, mitral stenosis of any aetiology is a regular finding in all echo departments. Mitral valve disease is, therefore, one of the most common pathologies encountered by echocardiographers, as both a primary indication for echocardiography and a secondary finding when investigating other cardiovascular disease processes. Transthoracic, transoesophageal and exercise stress echocardiography play a crucial role in the assessment of mitral valve disease and are essential to identifying the aetiology, mechanism and severity of disease, and for helping to determine the appropriate timing and method of intervention. This guideline from the British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) describes the assessment of mitral regurgitation and mitral stenosis, and replaces previous BSE guidelines that describe the echocardiographic assessment of mitral anatomy prior to mitral valve repair surgery and percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty. It provides a comprehensive description of the imaging techniques (and their limitations) employed in the assessment of mitral valve disease. It describes a step-wise approach to identifying: aetiology and mechanism, disease severity, reparability and secondary effects on chamber geometry, function and pressures. Advanced echocardiographic techniques are described for both transthoracic and transoesophageal modalities, including TOE and exercise testing.
摘要：
二尖瓣疾病很常见。二尖瓣返流是欧洲瓣膜手术的第二常见指征，尽管风湿热在西方社会有所下降，任何病因的二尖瓣狭窄都是所有回声部门的常规发现。二尖瓣疾病,因此,超声心动图医师遇到的最常见的病理之一，作为超声心动图的主要指征和研究其他心血管疾病过程时的次要发现。经胸,经食管和运动负荷超声心动图在二尖瓣疾病的评估中起着至关重要的作用，对确定病因至关重要。疾病的机制和严重程度，并帮助确定适当的干预时机和方法。英国超声心动图学会（BSE）的指南描述了二尖瓣反流和二尖瓣狭窄的评估。并取代了以前描述二尖瓣修复手术和经皮二尖瓣成形术前二尖瓣解剖的超声心动图评估的BSE指南。它提供了用于评估二尖瓣疾病的成像技术（及其局限性）的全面描述。它描述了一种逐步识别的方法：病因和机制，疾病严重程度,可修复性和对腔室几何形状的二次影响，功能和压力。针对经胸和经食道方式描述了先进的超声心动图技术，包括TOE和运动测试。
