Abstract：
The debate over the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer has been lasted about 40 years and there is no sign of stopping. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether vasectomy is associated with prostate cancer based on the most comprehensive and up-to-date evidence available.
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched inception to March 14, 2021 without year or language restriction. Multivariable adjusted risk ratios (RRs) were used to assess each endpoint. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
A total of 58 studies involving 16,989,237 participants fulfilled inclusion criteria. There was significant association of vasectomy with risk of any prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.18, 95% CI, 1.07-1.31). Association between vasectomy and advanced prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 1.01-1.12), low-grade prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 1.02-1.10), and intermediate-grade prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.03-1.22) were significant. There was no significant association between vasectomy and prostate cancer-specific mortality (risk ratio, 1.01, 95% CI, 0.93-1.10).
This study found that vasectomy was associated with the risk of any prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer. From the current evidence, patients should be fully informed of the risk of prostate cancer before vasectomy.
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched inception to March 14, 2021 without year or language restriction. Multivariable adjusted risk ratios (RRs) were used to assess each endpoint. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
A total of 58 studies involving 16,989,237 participants fulfilled inclusion criteria. There was significant association of vasectomy with risk of any prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.18, 95% CI, 1.07-1.31). Association between vasectomy and advanced prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 1.01-1.12), low-grade prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 1.02-1.10), and intermediate-grade prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.03-1.22) were significant. There was no significant association between vasectomy and prostate cancer-specific mortality (risk ratio, 1.01, 95% CI, 0.93-1.10).
This study found that vasectomy was associated with the risk of any prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer. From the current evidence, patients should be fully informed of the risk of prostate cancer before vasectomy.
摘要：
关于输精管结扎术和前列腺癌之间关联的争论已经持续了大约40年，并且没有停止的迹象。在本研究中,我们旨在基于现有最全面和最新的证据评估输精管结扎术是否与前列腺癌相关.
PubMed,科克伦图书馆,和EMBASE数据库从2021年3月14日开始进行了系统搜索，没有年份或语言限制。使用多变量调整风险比（RR）来评估每个终点。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。
共有58项研究，涉及16,989,237名参与者，符合纳入标准。输精管结扎术与任何前列腺癌的风险有显著关联(风险比，1.18，95%CI，1.07-1.31）。输精管结扎术与晚期前列腺癌之间的关联(风险比，1.06，95%CI，1.01-1.12），低级别前列腺癌(风险比，1.06，95%CI，1.02-1.10），和中度前列腺癌(风险比，1.12，95%CI，1.03-1.22）显著。输精管结扎术和前列腺癌特异性死亡率之间没有显著关联(风险比，1.01，95%CI，0.93-1.10）。
这项研究发现，输精管结扎术与任何前列腺癌和晚期前列腺癌的风险有关。从目前的证据来看,患者在输精管结扎术前应充分了解前列腺癌的风险.
PubMed,科克伦图书馆,和EMBASE数据库从2021年3月14日开始进行了系统搜索，没有年份或语言限制。使用多变量调整风险比（RR）来评估每个终点。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。
共有58项研究，涉及16,989,237名参与者，符合纳入标准。输精管结扎术与任何前列腺癌的风险有显著关联(风险比，1.18，95%CI，1.07-1.31）。输精管结扎术与晚期前列腺癌之间的关联(风险比，1.06，95%CI，1.01-1.12），低级别前列腺癌(风险比，1.06，95%CI，1.02-1.10），和中度前列腺癌(风险比，1.12，95%CI，1.03-1.22）显著。输精管结扎术和前列腺癌特异性死亡率之间没有显著关联(风险比，1.01，95%CI，0.93-1.10）。
这项研究发现，输精管结扎术与任何前列腺癌和晚期前列腺癌的风险有关。从目前的证据来看,患者在输精管结扎术前应充分了解前列腺癌的风险.
