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Abstract：
Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at high risk of developing Alzheimer\'s disease (AD). Repetitive photic stimulation (PS) is commonly used in routine electroencephalogram (EEG) examinations for rapid assessment of perceptual functioning. This study aimed to evaluate neural oscillatory responses and nonlinear brain dynamics under the effects of PS in patients with mild AD, moderate AD, severe AD, and MCI, as well as healthy elderly controls (HC). EEG power ratios during PS were estimated as an index of oscillatory responses. Multiscale sample entropy (MSE) was estimated as an index of brain dynamics before, during, and after PS. During PS, EEG harmonic responses were lower and MSE values were higher in the AD subgroups than in HC and MCI groups. PS-induced changes in EEG complexity were less pronounced in the AD subgroups than in HC and MCI groups. Brain dynamics revealed a \"transitional change\" between MCI and Mild AD. Our findings suggest a deficiency in brain adaptability in AD patients, which hinders their ability to adapt to repetitive perceptual stimulation. This study highlights the importance of combining spectral and nonlinear dynamical analysis when seeking to unravel perceptual functioning and brain adaptability in the various stages of neurodegenerative diseases.
摘要：
患有轻度认知障碍（MCI）的人患阿尔茨海默病（AD）的风险很高。重复光刺激（PS）通常用于常规脑电图（EEG）检查，以快速评估感知功能。本研究旨在评估PS作用下轻度AD患者的神经振荡反应和非线性脑动力学。中度AD,严重AD,和MCI，以及健康的老年人控制（HC）。PS期间的EEG功率比被估计为振荡响应的指标。之前，多尺度样本熵(MSE)被估计为大脑动力学的指标，during,在PS之后。PS期间,与HC和MCI组相比，AD亚组的EEG谐波响应较低，MSE值较高。在AD亚组中，PS引起的EEG复杂性变化不如HC和MCI组明显。脑动力学揭示了MCI和轻度AD之间的“过渡变化”。我们的研究结果表明，AD患者的大脑适应性不足，这阻碍了他们适应重复感知刺激的能力。这项研究强调了在神经退行性疾病的各个阶段中寻求解开感知功能和大脑适应性时，结合频谱和非线性动力学分析的重要性。
