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Abstract：
Limonene (LIM) is a monoterpene, which is abundant in essential oils of Citrus fruits peels (Rutaceae). More recently, LIM, as a potential natural anticancer compound, has attracted major attention and exerted a chemopreventive activity, stimulating the detoxification of carcinogenic compounds and limiting tumor growth and angiogenesis in various cancer models. Twenty-six (26) articles were selected based on previously established criteria. Anticancer activity of LIM was related to the inhibition of tumor initiation, growth, and angiogenesis and the induction of cancer cells apoptosis. LIM was able to increase Bax expression, release cytochrome c, and activate the caspase pathway. In addition, LIM increased the expression of p53 and decreased the activity of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. LIM also decreased the expression of VEGF and increased the activities of the Man-6-P / IGF2R and TGF-βIIR receptors. These results highlight LIM as an abundant natural molecule with low toxicity and pleiotropic pharmacological activity in cancer cells, targeting various cell-signaling pathways critically involved in the initiation, growth, and chemoresistance of cancer cells.
摘要：
柠檬烯(LIM)是一种单萜,这是丰富的柑橘果皮的精油（Rutaceae）。最近,LIM,作为一种潜在的天然抗癌化合物，引起了广泛关注并发挥了化学预防活性，在各种癌症模型中刺激致癌化合物的解毒并限制肿瘤生长和血管生成。根据先前建立的标准选择了二十六（26）篇文章。LIM的抗癌活性与抑制肿瘤启动有关，增长,血管生成和诱导癌细胞凋亡。LIM能够增加Bax表达，释放细胞色素c，激活caspase途径.此外,LIM增加p53的表达，降低Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK和PI3K/Akt通路的活性。LIM还降低VEGF的表达并增加Man-6-P/IGF2R和TGF-βIIR受体的活性。这些结果强调了LIM是一种丰富的天然分子，在癌细胞中具有低毒性和多效性药理活性。靶向与启动密切相关的各种细胞信号通路，增长,和癌细胞的化学抗性。
