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Abstract：
Laser-assisted process can enable facile, mask-free, large-area, inexpensive, customizable, and miniaturized patterning of laser-induced porous graphene (LIG) on versatile carbonaceous substrates (e.g., polymers, wood, food, textiles) in a programmed manner at ambient conditions. Together with high tailorability of its porosity, morphology, composition, and electrical conductivity, LIG can find wide applications in emerging bioelectronics (e.g., biophysical and biochemical sensing) and soft robots (e.g., soft actuators). In this review paper, we first introduce the methods to make LIG on various carbonaceous substrates and then discuss its electrical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties and biocompatibility that are critical for applications in bioelectronics and soft robots. Next, we overview the recent studies of LIG-based biophysical (e.g., strain, pressure, temperature, hydration, humidity, electrophysiological) sensors and biochemical (e.g., gases, electrolytes, metabolites, pathogens, nucleic acids, immunology) sensors. The applications of LIG in flexible energy generators and photodetectors are also introduced. In addition, LIG-enabled soft actuators that can respond to chemicals, electricity, and light stimulus are overviewed. Finally, we briefly discuss the future challenges and opportunities of LIG fabrications and applications.
摘要：
激光辅助工艺可以方便，无面具,大面积,便宜,可定制，和激光诱导多孔石墨烯(LIG)在通用碳质基底上的小型化图案化(例如，聚合物，木头,食物,纺织品)在环境条件下以编程方式。加上其孔隙率的高可定制性，形态学,composition,和导电性，LIG可以在新兴的生物电子学中找到广泛应用(例如，生物物理和生化传感)和软机器人(例如，软执行器)。在这篇综述论文中，我们首先介绍了在各种碳质基材上制备LIG的方法，然后讨论了其电学，机械,以及抗菌性能和生物相容性，这对生物电子学和软机器人的应用至关重要。接下来,我们概述了基于LIG的生物物理的最新研究(例如，应变，压力,温度,水合作用,湿度,湿度电生理)传感器和生化(例如，气体,电解质，代谢物，病原体,核酸,免疫学）传感器。还介绍了LIG在柔性能量发生器和光电探测器中的应用。此外,LIG启用的软执行器，可以对化学品做出反应，电力,光刺激被概述。最后,我们简要讨论了LIG制造和应用的未来挑战和机遇。
