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Abstract：
Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine integrate information and technology from various fields to restore/replace tissues and damaged organs for medical treatments. To achieve this, scaffolds act as delivery vectors or as cellular systems for drugs and cells; thereby, cellular material is able to colonize host cells sufficiently to meet up the requirements of regeneration and repair. This process is multi-stage and requires the development of various components to create the desired neo-tissue or organ. In several current TE strategies, biomaterials are essential components. While several polymers are established for their use as biomaterials, careful consideration of the cellular environment and interactions needed is required in selecting a polymer for a given application. Depending on this, scaffold materials can be of natural or synthetic origin, degradable or nondegradable. In this review, an overview of various natural and synthetic polymers and their possible composite scaffolds with their physicochemical properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, morphology, mechanical strength, pore size, and porosity are discussed. The scaffolds fabrication techniques and a few commercially available biopolymers are also tabulated.
摘要：
组织工程（TE）和再生医学整合了来自各个领域的信息和技术，以恢复/替换组织和受损器官进行医学治疗。为了实现这一点，支架充当药物和细胞的递送载体或细胞系统；因此，细胞材料能够充分定殖宿主细胞以满足再生和修复的要求。该过程是多阶段的,并且需要开发各种组分以产生期望的新组织或器官。在当前的几个TE策略中，生物材料是必不可少的组成部分。虽然已经建立了几种聚合物作为生物材料的用途，在选择用于给定应用的聚合物时,需要仔细考虑所需的细胞环境和相互作用。基于此,支架材料可以是天然或合成来源的，可降解或不可降解。在这次审查中,概述了各种天然和合成聚合物及其可能的复合支架，其物理化学性质包括生物相容性，生物降解性，形态学,机械强度,孔径,和孔隙度进行了讨论。还列出了支架制造技术和一些市售生物聚合物。
