PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Osteochondroma, the most common benign bone tumor, is a projection on the external surface of the bone, which can be sessile or pedunculated. 85% of osteochondromas present as solitary lesions, while 15% occur in the context of hereditary multiple exostoses (HME), a genetic disorder that is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Although often asymptomatic, symptoms may eventuate from compression of adjacent vessels or nerves, fractures, osseous deformities, bursa formation, or malignant transformation. Cartilage cap thickness >2 cm in adults or >3 cm in children as well as new onset of pain or growth, or rapid growth of the lesion, especially after the closure of the growth plate, might reflect cancerous transformation. Surgical resection is indicated for symptomatic lesions, complications, cosmetic reasons or malignant transformation. Excision of the tumor with free margin is the treatment of choice. Local recurrence is less than 2% if complete resection is achieved.
摘要：
骨软骨瘤,最常见的良性骨肿瘤,是骨骼外表面的投影，可以是无柄的或有花梗的。85%的骨软骨瘤表现为孤立性病变，而15%发生在遗传性多发性外生瘤（HME）的背景下，一种以常染色体显性遗传的遗传疾病。虽然经常无症状，症状可能来自邻近血管或神经的压迫，骨折,骨畸形,法尔萨地层,或恶性转化。成人软骨帽厚度>2厘米或儿童>3厘米，以及新出现的疼痛或生长，或者病变的快速生长，特别是在生长板关闭后，可能反映了癌变。手术切除适用于有症状的病变，并发症,美容原因或恶变。切除具有游离边缘的肿瘤是选择的治疗方法。如果实现完全切除,局部复发率小于2%。
