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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has presented health-care systems worldwide with novel challenges and experiences and evidence is emerging during the pandemic. Patients requiring hospitalization frequently suffer from respiratory failure of different severities.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this guideline is the treatment of patients with SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) in hospital; in particular, it addresses the treatment of respiratory failure treated in general Internal Medical- and Pulmonary Medical wards.
RESULTS: Elderly patients and patients with chronic disease are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. Target oxygen saturation should be between 92% and 96% in patients without chronic lung diseases. Treatment with >5 L oxygen/min should be in close collaboration with intensive care colleagues and >15 l/min preferably in intensive care units. High-flow nasal canula (HFNC) and long-term Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are recommended for patients not responding to conventional oxygen therapy. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is only recommended for selected patients, such as those with a ceiling of treatment or patients presenting with hypercapnic failure. With the use of humidification protective equipment as FFP2-3 masks should be used. Nebulized medication should be avoided, and spacers should be used instead.
CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory failure is frequently the cause of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 and should be monitored closely.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this guideline is the treatment of patients with SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) in hospital; in particular, it addresses the treatment of respiratory failure treated in general Internal Medical- and Pulmonary Medical wards.
RESULTS: Elderly patients and patients with chronic disease are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. Target oxygen saturation should be between 92% and 96% in patients without chronic lung diseases. Treatment with >5 L oxygen/min should be in close collaboration with intensive care colleagues and >15 l/min preferably in intensive care units. High-flow nasal canula (HFNC) and long-term Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are recommended for patients not responding to conventional oxygen therapy. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is only recommended for selected patients, such as those with a ceiling of treatment or patients presenting with hypercapnic failure. With the use of humidification protective equipment as FFP2-3 masks should be used. Nebulized medication should be avoided, and spacers should be used instead.
CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory failure is frequently the cause of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 and should be monitored closely.
摘要：
背景：严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）给全世界的医疗保健系统带来了新的挑战，在大流行期间，经验和证据正在出现。需要住院治疗的患者经常遭受不同严重程度的呼吸衰竭。
目的：本指南的目的是在医院治疗SARSCoV-2（COVID-19）患者；特别是，它解决了在一般内科和肺部医学病房治疗的呼吸衰竭的治疗。
结果：老年患者和慢性病患者特别容易感染COVID-19。在没有慢性肺部疾病的患者中，目标氧饱和度应在92％至96％之间。>5升氧气/分钟的治疗应与重症监护同事密切合作，优选在重症监护病房>15升/分钟。高流量鼻插管（HFNC）和长期持续气道正压通气（CPAP）建议对常规氧疗无反应的患者。无创通气（NIV）仅推荐用于特定患者。例如那些有治疗上限的患者或表现为高碳酸血症衰竭的患者。使用加湿防护设备时，应使用FFP2-3口罩。应避免雾化用药，和垫片应改为使用。
结论：呼吸衰竭通常是COVID-19患者住院的原因，应密切监测。
目的：本指南的目的是在医院治疗SARSCoV-2（COVID-19）患者；特别是，它解决了在一般内科和肺部医学病房治疗的呼吸衰竭的治疗。
结果：老年患者和慢性病患者特别容易感染COVID-19。在没有慢性肺部疾病的患者中，目标氧饱和度应在92％至96％之间。>5升氧气/分钟的治疗应与重症监护同事密切合作，优选在重症监护病房>15升/分钟。高流量鼻插管（HFNC）和长期持续气道正压通气（CPAP）建议对常规氧疗无反应的患者。无创通气（NIV）仅推荐用于特定患者。例如那些有治疗上限的患者或表现为高碳酸血症衰竭的患者。使用加湿防护设备时，应使用FFP2-3口罩。应避免雾化用药，和垫片应改为使用。
结论：呼吸衰竭通常是COVID-19患者住院的原因，应密切监测。
