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Abstract：
Staphylococcus aureus represents a major human pathogen able to cause a number of infections, especially bloodstream infections (BSI). Clinical use of methicillin has led to the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and MRSA-BSI have been reported to be associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical diagnosis of BSI is based on the results from blood culture that, although considered the gold standard method, is time-consuming. For this reason, rapid diagnostic tests to identify the presence of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA isolates directly in blood cultures are being used with increasing frequency to rapidly commence targeted antimicrobial therapy, also in the light of antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Here, we review and report the most common rapid non-molecular and molecular methods currently available to detect the presence of MRSA directly from blood.
摘要：
金黄色葡萄球菌是一种主要的人类病原体，能够引起许多感染，尤其是血流感染（BSI）。甲氧西林的临床应用已导致耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的出现，据报道MRSA-BSI与高发病率和死亡率相关。BSI的临床诊断基于血液培养的结果，虽然被认为是黄金标准方法，是耗时的。出于这个原因,在血液培养物中直接确定甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）和MRSA分离株的快速诊断测试正在越来越频繁地快速开始靶向抗菌治疗。还考虑到抗菌药物管理工作。这里,我们回顾并报道了目前用于直接从血液中检测MRSA存在的最常见的快速非分子和分子方法.
