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Abstract：
Complex cranial wounds represent complex surgical problems. In modern times, these are mostly due to accidental trauma. During the period of the American Frontier, violent scalping was a common practice. Innovative techniques were utilized to improve outcomes for this condition that still have relevance in today\'s practice. We provide a historical perspective with vignettes that identify survivors of violent scalping from the American Frontier as well as the surgical techniques used to treat them. The techniques identified were then modified for modern practice and applied to a complex cranial wound. A review of primary and secondary historical sources was carried out. Nine separate incidences of violent scalping were identified from this period. Successful treatment relied on exposure of the diploe leading to granulation tissue formation and eventual scalp coverage. This was accomplished as a byproduct of the violence of the scalping or as an application of the technique first described by Augustin Belloste in 1696. Application of this technique in a modern setting may allow for improved wound healing. Trepanation of the outer table to aid in healing and closure of complex cranial wounds has a long history of successful practice and can be successfully applied to modern practice.
摘要：
复杂的颅骨伤口代表复杂的手术问题。在现代,这些主要是由于意外创伤。在美国边疆时期，暴力倒卖是一种常见的做法。创新技术被用来改善这种情况的结果，这些结果在今天的实践中仍然具有相关性。我们提供了一个历史视角，其中包括小插曲，以识别来自美国边境的暴力头皮幸存者以及用于治疗它们的手术技术。然后对确定的技术进行修改以进行现代实践，并将其应用于复杂的颅骨伤口。对主要和次要历史来源进行了审查。在此期间，发现了9起单独的暴力头皮事件。成功的治疗依赖于二倍体的暴露，导致肉芽组织形成和最终的头皮覆盖。这是剥头皮暴力的副产品，也是奥古斯丁·贝洛斯特在1696年首次描述的技术的应用。该技术在现代环境中的应用可以允许改善的伤口愈合。外表以帮助愈合和闭合复杂的颅骨伤口具有悠久的成功实践历史，可以成功地应用于现代实践。
