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Abstract：
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the individual contributions of inhalation and dermal exposures to urinary glyphosate levels following the heavy residential consumer application of a glyphosate-containing herbicide.
A pilot study was conducted in which each participant mixed and continuously spray-applied 16.3 gallons of a 0.96% glyphosate-containing solution for 100 min using a backpack sprayer. Twelve participants were divided evenly into two exposure groups, one equipped to assess dermal exposure and the other, inhalation exposure. Personal air samples (n = 12) and dermal patch samples (n = 24) were collected on the inhalation group participants and analyzed for glyphosate using HPLC-UV. Serial urine samples collected 30-min prior to application and 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-hr (inhalation and dermal groups) and 36-hr (dermal group only) post-application were analyzed for glyphosate and glyphosate\'s primary metabolite (AMPA) using HPLC-MS/MS.
The mean airborne glyphosate concentration was 0.0047 mg/m3, and the mean concentrations of glyphosate for each applicator\'s four patch samples ranged from 0.04 µg/mm2 to 0.25 µg/mm2. In general, urinary glyphosate, AMPA, and total effective glyphosate levels were higher in the dermal exposure group than the inhalation exposure group, peaked within 6-hr following application, and were statistically indistinguishable from background at 24-hr post-application.
This is the first study to characterize the absorption and biological fate of glyphosate in residential consumer applicators following heavy application. The results of this pilot study are consistent with previous studies that have shown that glyphosate is rapidly eliminated from the body, typically within 24 hr following application.
A pilot study was conducted in which each participant mixed and continuously spray-applied 16.3 gallons of a 0.96% glyphosate-containing solution for 100 min using a backpack sprayer. Twelve participants were divided evenly into two exposure groups, one equipped to assess dermal exposure and the other, inhalation exposure. Personal air samples (n = 12) and dermal patch samples (n = 24) were collected on the inhalation group participants and analyzed for glyphosate using HPLC-UV. Serial urine samples collected 30-min prior to application and 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-hr (inhalation and dermal groups) and 36-hr (dermal group only) post-application were analyzed for glyphosate and glyphosate\'s primary metabolite (AMPA) using HPLC-MS/MS.
The mean airborne glyphosate concentration was 0.0047 mg/m3, and the mean concentrations of glyphosate for each applicator\'s four patch samples ranged from 0.04 µg/mm2 to 0.25 µg/mm2. In general, urinary glyphosate, AMPA, and total effective glyphosate levels were higher in the dermal exposure group than the inhalation exposure group, peaked within 6-hr following application, and were statistically indistinguishable from background at 24-hr post-application.
This is the first study to characterize the absorption and biological fate of glyphosate in residential consumer applicators following heavy application. The results of this pilot study are consistent with previous studies that have shown that glyphosate is rapidly eliminated from the body, typically within 24 hr following application.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是评估吸入和皮肤暴露对尿草甘膦水平的个体贡献，在大量住宅消费者施用含草甘膦除草剂后。
进行了一项初步研究，其中每个参与者混合并使用背包喷雾器连续喷雾施用16.3加仑含0.96％草甘膦的溶液100分钟。12名参与者被平均分为两个暴露组，一个装备评估皮肤暴露，另一个装备，吸入暴露。收集吸入组参与者的个人空气样品（n=12）和皮肤贴片样品（n=24），并使用HPLC-UV分析草甘膦。在应用前30分钟收集的系列尿样和3-，6-，12-，使用HPLC-MS/MS分析施用后24小时（吸入和皮肤组）和36小时（仅皮肤组）的草甘膦和草甘膦的主要代谢产物（AMPA）。
平均空气传播草甘膦浓度为0.0047mg/m3，每个涂药器的四个贴片样品的草甘膦平均浓度范围为0.04µg/mm2至0.25µg/mm2。总的来说,尿草甘膦，AMPA,和总有效草甘膦水平在皮肤暴露组高于吸入暴露组，在应用后6小时内达到峰值，并且在应用后24小时与背景统计学上没有区别。
这是第一项研究，以表征草甘膦的吸收和生物命运在住宅消费施药器后重应用。这项初步研究的结果与以前的研究一致，这些研究表明草甘膦从体内迅速消除，通常在应用后24小时内。
进行了一项初步研究，其中每个参与者混合并使用背包喷雾器连续喷雾施用16.3加仑含0.96％草甘膦的溶液100分钟。12名参与者被平均分为两个暴露组，一个装备评估皮肤暴露，另一个装备，吸入暴露。收集吸入组参与者的个人空气样品（n=12）和皮肤贴片样品（n=24），并使用HPLC-UV分析草甘膦。在应用前30分钟收集的系列尿样和3-，6-，12-，使用HPLC-MS/MS分析施用后24小时（吸入和皮肤组）和36小时（仅皮肤组）的草甘膦和草甘膦的主要代谢产物（AMPA）。
平均空气传播草甘膦浓度为0.0047mg/m3，每个涂药器的四个贴片样品的草甘膦平均浓度范围为0.04µg/mm2至0.25µg/mm2。总的来说,尿草甘膦，AMPA,和总有效草甘膦水平在皮肤暴露组高于吸入暴露组，在应用后6小时内达到峰值，并且在应用后24小时与背景统计学上没有区别。
这是第一项研究，以表征草甘膦的吸收和生物命运在住宅消费施药器后重应用。这项初步研究的结果与以前的研究一致，这些研究表明草甘膦从体内迅速消除，通常在应用后24小时内。
