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Abstract：
Understanding the brain mechanisms of heroin dependence is invaluable for developing effective treatment. Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) provides a method to visualize brain circuits that are functionally impaired by heroin dependence. This study examined regional CBF alterations and their clinical associations in unmedicated heroin-dependent individuals (HDIs) using a relatively large sample. Sixty-eight (42 males, 26 females; age: 40.9 ± 7.3 years) HDIs and forty-seven (34 males, 13 females; age: 39.3 ± 9.2 years) matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent high-resolution T1 and whole-brain arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Additionally, clinical characteristics were collected for neurocognitive assessments. HDIs showed worse neuropsychological performance than HCs and had decreased relative CBF (rCBF) in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG), inferior temporal gyrus, precuneus, posterior cerebellar lobe, cerebellar vermis, and the midbrain adjacent to the ventral tegmental area; right posterior cingulate gyrus, thalamus, and calcarine. rCBF in the bilateral MFG was negatively correlated with Trail Making Test time in HDIs. HDIs had limbic, frontal, and parietal hypoperfusion areas. Low CBF in the MFG indicated cognitive impairment in HDIs. Together, these findings suggest the MFG as a critical region in HDIs and suggest ASL-derived CBF as a potential marker for use in heroin addiction studies.
摘要：
了解海洛因依赖的大脑机制对于开发有效的治疗方法非常宝贵。局部脑血流量（CBF）的测量提供了一种可视化因海洛因依赖而功能受损的脑回路的方法。这项研究使用相对较大的样本研究了未用药的海洛因依赖者（HDI）的区域CBF变化及其临床关联。六十八（42名男性，26名女性；年龄：40.9±7.3岁）HDIs和47（34名男性，13名女性；年龄：39.3±9.2岁）匹配的健康对照（HCs）接受了高分辨率T1和全脑动脉自旋标记（ASL）灌注磁共振成像（MRI）扫描。此外,收集临床特征用于神经认知评估.HDIs表现出比HCs更差的神经心理学表现，并且在双侧额中回（MFG）中相对CBF（rCBF）降低，颞下回,precuneus,小脑后叶，小脑疣,与腹侧被盖区相邻的中脑；右后扣带回，丘脑,还有calcarine.双侧MFG中的rCBF与HDI中的示踪测试时间呈负相关。HDIs有边缘，额叶,和顶叶灌注不足区域。MFG中的低CBF表明HDI中的认知障碍。一起,这些研究结果表明MFG是HDI的关键区域,ASL来源的CBF是海洛因成瘾研究的潜在标志物.
