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Abstract：
Serogroup B meningococci (MenB) remain a prominent cause of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The protein-based multicomponent 4CMenB and the bivalent MenB-FHbp are the only currently available vaccines against MenB-caused IMD. Efficacy studies are not possible, due to the low incidence of IMD. Therefore, the vaccines\' immunogenicity has been evaluated against several target strains chosen to quantify complement-mediated killing induced by each vaccine component in the serum bactericidal antibody assay. However, due to the wide genetic diversity and different expression levels of vaccine antigens across MenB strains, vaccine performance may differ from one strain to another. Here, we review the methods used to predict MenB strain coverage for 4CMenB and MenB-FHbp. Phenotypic assays such as the meningococcal antigen typing system (MATS, 4CMenB-specific) and the flow cytometric meningococcal antigen surface expression assay (MEASURE; MenB-FHbp-specific) were developed. Genomic approaches are also available, such as genetic MATS (gMATS) and the Bexsero antigen sequence type (BAST) scheme, both 4CMenB-specific. All methods allow tentative predictions of coverage across MenB strains, including that afforded by each vaccine antigen, and are rapid and reproducible. Real-world data on vaccine effectiveness are needed to confirm predictions obtained by these methods.
摘要：
血清B群脑膜炎球菌（MenB）仍然是侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病（IMD）的主要原因。基于蛋白质的多组分4CMenB和二价MenB-FHbp是目前唯一可用的针对MenB引起的IMD的疫苗。疗效研究是不可能的，由于IMD的发病率低。因此,在血清杀菌抗体测定中,已针对几种靶菌株对疫苗的免疫原性进行了评估,这些靶菌株被选择用于定量由每种疫苗成分诱导的补体介导的杀伤作用.然而,由于MenB菌株之间广泛的遗传多样性和疫苗抗原的不同表达水平，疫苗性能可能因菌株而异。这里,我们回顾了用于预测4CMenB和MenB-FHbp的MenB菌株覆盖率的方法。表型测定，如脑膜炎球菌抗原分型系统(MATS，4CMenB特异性）和流式细胞术脑膜炎球菌抗原表面表达测定（MEASURE；MenB-FHbp特异性）。基因组方法也可用，例如遗传MATS（gMATS）和Bexsero抗原序列类型（BAST）方案，都是4CMenB特异性的。所有方法都允许对MenB菌株的覆盖率进行初步预测，包括每种疫苗抗原所提供的，并且是快速和可重复的。需要有关疫苗有效性的实际数据来确认通过这些方法获得的预测。
