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Abstract：
Here, a set of experiments to assess the feasibility of using an invasive and widespread freshwater mussel (Dreissena rostrformis bugensis) as a sentinel species for nanoplastic detection is reported. Under laboratory experimental conditions, mussels ingest and retain fluorescent polystyrene (PS) beads with carboxylic acid (-COOH) termination over a size range of 200-2000 nm. The number of beads the mussels ingested is quantified using fluorescence spectroscopy and the location of the beads in the mussels is imaged using fluorescence microscopy. PS beads of similar size (1000-2000 nm) to mussels\' preferred food are trafficked in the ciliated food grooves of the gills. Beads of all sizes are observed in the mussels\' digestive tracts, indicating that the mussels do not efficiently reject the beads as unwanted foreign material, regardless of size. Fluorescence microscopy shows all sizes of beads are concentrated in the siphons and are retained there for longer than one month postexposure. Combined atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy and photothermal infrared spectroscopy are used to locate, image, and chemically identify the beads in the mussel siphons. In sum, these experiments demonstrate the potential for using mussels, specifically their siphons, to monitor environmental accumulation of aquatic nanoplastics.
摘要：
这里,据报道，一组实验评估了使用侵入性和广泛分布的淡水贻贝（Dreissenarostrformisbugensis）作为前哨物种进行纳米塑料检测的可行性。在实验室实验条件下,贻贝摄取并保留具有羧酸（-COOH）终止的荧光聚苯乙烯（PS）珠，尺寸范围为200-2000nm。使用荧光光谱法定量贻贝摄取的珠子的数量，并使用荧光显微镜对贻贝中珠子的位置进行成像。与贻贝\'首选食物大小相似（1000-2000nm）的PS珠被贩运到the的纤毛食物槽中。在贻贝消化道中观察到各种大小的珠，表明贻贝不能有效地拒绝珠子作为不需要的异物，无论大小。荧光显微镜显示所有尺寸的珠子都集中在虹吸管中，并在暴露后保留一个月以上。结合原子力显微镜-红外光谱和光热红外光谱进行定位,image,化学识别贻贝虹吸管中的珠子。总之,这些实验证明了使用贻贝的潜力，特别是它们的虹吸管，监测水生纳米塑料的环境积累。
