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Abstract：
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, the World Health Organization has confirmed that COVID-19 is a global infectious disease pandemic. This is the third acute infectious disease caused by coronavirus infection in this century, after sudden acute respirator syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome. The damage mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 is still unclear. It is possible that protein S binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors and invades alveolar epithelial cells, causing direct toxic effects and an excessive immune response. This stimulates a systemic inflammatory response, thus forming a cytokine storm, which leads to lung tissue injury. In severe cases, the disease can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, coagulation dysfunction, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. Patients with severe COVID-19 have a relatively high mortality rate. Currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. Most patients need to be admitted to the intensive care unit for intensive monitoring and supportive organ function treatments. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment methods of severe COVID-19 and puts forward some tentative ideas, aiming to provide some guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of severe COVID-19.
摘要：
新型冠状病毒病2019（COVID-19）是一种由严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染引起的急性传染病。目前,世界卫生组织已经确认COVID-19是一种全球性传染病。这是本世纪第三种由冠状病毒感染引起的急性传染病，在突发性急性呼吸器综合征和中东呼吸综合征之后。SARS-CoV-2的损伤机制尚不清楚。蛋白S可能与血管紧张素转换酶2受体结合并侵入肺泡上皮细胞，导致直接的毒性作用和过度的免疫反应。这会刺激全身炎症反应，从而形成细胞因子风暴，导致肺组织损伤.在严重的情况下,这种疾病会导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征，感染性休克,代谢性酸中毒,凝血功能障碍,和多器官功能障碍综合征。重症COVID-19患者死亡率相对较高。目前,目前尚无治疗COVID-19的特异性抗病毒药物。大多数患者需要进入重症监护病房进行强化监测和支持器官功能治疗。本文回顾了流行病学，发病机制，临床表现，诊断,和重症COVID-19的治疗方法，并提出了一些设想，旨在为重症COVID-19的诊断和治疗提供一定的指导。
