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Abstract：
Structural and chemical deterioration and its impact on cell wall mechanics were investigated for visually intact cell walls (VICWs) in waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW). Cell wall mechanical properties were examined by nanoindentation without prior embedding. WAW showed more than 25% decrease of both hardness and elastic modulus. Changes of cell wall composition, cellulose crystallite structure and porosity were investigated by ATR-FTIR imaging, Raman imaging, wet chemistry, 13C-solid state NMR, pyrolysis-GC/MS, wide angle X-ray scattering, and N2 nitrogen adsorption. VICWs in WAW possessed a cleavage of carboxyl in side chains of xylan, a serious loss of polysaccharides, and a partial breakage of β-O-4 interlinks in lignin. This was accompanied by a higher amount of mesopores in cell walls. Even VICWs in WAW were severely deteriorated at the nanoscale with impact on mechanics, which has strong implications for the conservation of archaeological shipwrecks.
摘要：
研究了浸水考古木材（WAW）中视觉上完整的细胞壁（VICW）的结构和化学退化及其对细胞壁力学的影响。通过纳米压痕检查细胞壁的机械性能，而无需事先嵌入。WAW显示硬度和弹性模量均降低了25％以上。细胞壁组成的变化，通过ATR-FTIR成像研究了纤维素的微晶结构和孔隙率，拉曼成像,湿化学,13C-固态NMR,热解-GC/MS,广角X射线散射,和N2氮气吸附。WAW中的VICW在木聚糖的侧链中具有羧基的裂解，多糖的严重损失，和木质素中β-O-4互连的部分断裂。这伴随着细胞壁中更大量的中孔。即使是WAW中的VICW也在纳米尺度上严重恶化，对力学产生影响，这对考古沉船的保护具有重要意义。
