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Abstract：
Vas deferens is a conduit for sperm and fluid from the epididymis to the urethra. The duct is surrounded by a thick smooth muscle layer. To map the actin cytoskeleton of the duct and its epithelium, we reacted sections of the proximal and distal regions with fluorescent phalloidin. Confocal microscopic imaging showed that the cylinder-shaped epithelium of the proximal region has a thick apical border of actin filaments that form microvilli. The epithelium of the distal region is covered with tall stereocilia (13-18 µm) that extend from the apical border into the lumen. In both regions, the lateral and basal cell borders showed a thin lining of actin cytoskeleton. The vas deferens epithelium contains various channels to regulate the fluid composition in the lumen. We mapped the localization of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), aquaporin-9 (AQP9), and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the rat and mouse vas deferens. ENaC and AQP9 immunofluorescence were localized on the luminal surface and stereocilia and also in the basal and smooth muscle layers. CFTR immunofluorescence appeared only on the luminal surface and in smooth muscle layers. The localization of all three channels on the apical surface of the columnar epithelial cells provides clear evidence that these channels are involved concurrently in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance in the lumen of the vas deferens. ENaC allows the flow of Na+ ions from the lumen into the cytoplasm, and the osmotic gradient generated provides the driving force for the passive flow of water through AQP channels.
摘要：
输精管是精子和液体从附睾到尿道的管道。导管被厚厚的平滑肌层包围。为了绘制导管及其上皮的肌动蛋白细胞骨架，我们将近端和远端区域的切片与荧光phalloidin反应。共聚焦显微成像显示，近端区域的圆柱形上皮具有形成微绒毛的肌动蛋白丝的厚顶端边界。远端区域的上皮被高的立体纤毛（13-18µm）覆盖，从顶端边界延伸到内腔。在这两个地区,外侧和基底细胞边界显示肌动蛋白细胞骨架的薄层。输精管上皮包含各种通道以调节管腔中的流体组成。我们绘制了上皮钠通道（ENaC）的位置，水通道蛋白-9(AQP9),大鼠和小鼠输精管的囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子（CFTR）。ENaC和AQP9免疫荧光位于腔表面和立体纤毛以及基底和平滑肌层。CFTR免疫荧光仅出现在腔表面和平滑肌层中。柱状上皮细胞顶表面上所有三个通道的定位提供了明确的证据，表明这些通道同时参与了输精管管腔中液体和电解质平衡的调节。ENaC允许Na+离子从管腔流入细胞质，产生的渗透梯度为水通过AQP通道的被动流动提供了驱动力。
