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Abstract：
Anisakidae are marine zoonotic nematodes with most commercial fish species as intermediate hosts. Both public health risks and socio-economic problems are attributed to these larvae. Despite these concerns, the occurrence of Anisakidae in commercial fish species in Belgium remains unknown. Therefore, the main objective of this systematic review was to look into studies assessing the prevalence and intensity (level of infection) of Anisakidae in countries importing fish to the Belgian market. The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Cordis, Google Scholar, Google, African Journals online and Asia Journals online were searched. Main eligibility criteria were: fish species consumed in Belgium; studies conducted in one of the main importing countries; and the availability of prevalence data. From the original 519 identified studies, 83 were included with data from Spain, Germany, Chile, Denmark, Turkey, France, China, England, Belgium, Norway, Iceland, Senegal and Sweden. Overall results show a widespread occurrence of Anisakidae with a high variability in prevalence between fish species and fishing sea. Cod (Gadus morhua) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), the most consumed fish species in Belgium, have a mean prevalence of 33% and 5% respectively. Of all investigated fishing zones, fish caught in the Northeast Atlantic has the highest rate of infection (68%). Furthermore, higher prevalences were found when looking at the viscera (mean prevalence 59%) compared to the muscle (29%) and with superior techniques such as enzymatic digestion or UV press (46%) compared to candling, the routine method (23%). Farmed fish were found to be the least infected (2%) but were still not Anisakidae free. The widespread presence of Anisakidae and the associated food safety implications indicate the need to further investigate the presence of Anisakidae in fish in the Belgian market.
摘要：
异株科是海洋人畜共患线虫，大多数商业鱼类为中间宿主。公共卫生风险和社会经济问题都归因于这些幼虫。尽管有这些担忧,比利时的商业鱼类中异株科的发生仍然未知。因此,本系统综述的主要目的是研究在向比利时市场进口鱼类的国家中评估异株科的患病率和强度(感染水平)的研究.PubMed的数据库，WebofScience,科迪斯,谷歌学者，Google,搜索了非洲在线期刊和亚洲在线期刊。主要资格标准是：比利时消费的鱼类；在主要进口国之一进行的研究；以及流行数据的可用性。从最初的519项确定的研究中，83名来自西班牙的数据，德国,智利,丹麦,土耳其,法国,中国,英格兰,比利时,挪威,冰岛,塞内加尔和瑞典。总体结果表明，异株科在鱼类和捕捞海之间的患病率差异很大。鳕鱼（Gadusmorhua）和大西洋鲑鱼（Salmosalar），比利时消费最多的鱼类，平均患病率分别为33%和5%。在所有调查的渔区中，在东北大西洋捕获的鱼类感染率最高（68％）。此外，与肌肉（29％）相比，内脏（平均患病率为59％）以及与烛光相比，酶消化或紫外线按压（46％）等高级技术的患病率更高，常规方法(23%)。养殖的鱼被发现感染最少（2％），但仍未脱离Anisakidae。异株科的广泛存在以及相关的食品安全影响表明，有必要进一步调查比利时市场鱼类中异株科的存在。
