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Abstract：
Assistance dogs\' roles have diversified to support people with various disabilities, especially in the U.S. Data presented here are from the U.S. and Canada non-profit facilities (including both accredited and candidate members that fulfilled partial requirements: all here termed \"accredited\") of Assistance Dogs International (ADI) and the International Guide Dog Federation (IGDF), and from non-accredited U.S. assistance dog training facilities, on the numbers and types of dogs they placed in 2013 and 2014 with persons who have disabilities. ADI categories of assistance dogs are for guide, hearing, and service (including for assistance with mobility, autism, psychiatric, diabetes, seizure disabilities). Accredited facilities in 28 states and 3 provinces responded; accredited non-responding facilities were in 22 states and 1 province (some in states/provinces with responding accredited facilities). Non-accredited facilities in 16 states responded. U.S./Canada responding accredited facilities (55 of 96: 57%) placed 2,374 dogs; non-accredited U.S. facilities (22 of 133: 16.5%) placed 797 dogs. Accredited facilities placed similar numbers of dogs for guiding (n = 918) or mobility (n = 943), but many more facilities placed mobility service dogs than guide dogs. Autism service dogs were third most for accredited (n = 205 placements) and U.S. non-accredited (n = 72) facilities. Psychiatric service dogs were fourth most common in accredited placements (n = 119) and accounted for most placements (n = 526) in non-accredited facilities. Other accredited placements were for: hearing (n = 109); diabetic alert (n = 69), and seizure response (n = 11). Responding non-accredited facilities placed 17 hearing dogs, 30 diabetic alert dogs, and 18 seizure response dogs. Non-accredited facilities placed many dogs for psychiatric assistance, often for veterans, but ADI accreditation is required for veterans to have financial reimbursement. Twenty states and several provinces had no responding facilities; 17 of these states had no accredited facilities. In regions lacking facilities, some people with disabilities may find it inconvenient living far from any supportive facility, even if travel costs are provided. Despite accelerated U.S./Canada placements, access to well-trained assistance dogs continues to be limited and inconvenient for many people with disabilities, and the numerous sources of expensive, poorly trained dogs add confusion for potential handlers.
摘要：
援助犬的角色多样化，以支持各种残疾人，特别是在美国，这里提供的数据来自美国和加拿大的非营利机构（包括符合部分要求的认可成员和候选成员：所有这些都被称为“认可”）援助犬国际（ADI）和国际导盲犬联合会（IGDF），来自未经认可的美国援助犬训练设施，他们在2013年和2014年与残疾人一起放置的狗的数量和类型。ADI类别的援助犬是向导，听力,和服务(包括流动性方面的援助，自闭症,精神病学,糖尿病,癫痫发作残疾)。28个州和3个省的认可设施作出了回应；22个州和1个省的认可非回应设施（有些在具有响应认可设施的州/省）。16个州的未经认可的设施作出了回应。美国/加拿大响应认可的设施（96个中的55个：57％）放置了2,374只狗；未经认可的美国设施（133个中的22个：16.5％）放置了797只狗。认可的设施放置了类似数量的狗进行引导（n=918）或移动（n=943），但是比导盲犬更多的设施放置了流动服务犬。自闭症服务犬在经认可的设施（n=205位）和美国未经认可的设施（n=72）中排名第三。精神病服务犬在经认可的安置中排名第四（n=119），在未经认可的设施中占大多数安置（n=526）。其他认可的位置是：听力（n=109）；糖尿病警报（n=69），和癫痫反应（n=11）。未获认可的回应机构放置了17只听力犬，30只糖尿病警觉犬,和18只癫痫反应犬。未经认可的机构放置了许多狗进行精神病救助，通常是退伍军人，但是退伍军人需要获得ADI认证才能获得财务报销。20个州和几个省没有回应设施；其中17个州没有经认证的设施。在缺乏设施的地区，一些残疾人可能会发现远离任何支持设施的生活不方便，即使提供差旅费。尽管美国/加拿大的配售速度加快，对许多残疾人来说，获得训练有素的援助犬的机会仍然有限和不便，和众多昂贵的来源，训练有素的狗增加了潜在的处理者的困惑。
