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Abstract：
Despite many advances and optimization in colon cancer treatment, tumor recurrence and metastases make the development of new therapies necessary. Colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs) are considered as the main triggering factor of cancer progression, recurrence, and metastasis. CCSCs as a result of accumulated genetic and epigenetic alterations and also complex interconnection with the tumor microenvironment (TME) can evolve and convert to full malignant cells. Mounting evidence suggests that in cancer therapy both CCSCs and non-CCSCs in TME have to be regarded to break through the limitation of current therapies. In this regard, stem cell capabilities of some non-CCSCs may arise inside the TME condition. Therefore, a deep knowledge of regulatory mechanisms, heterogeneity, specific markers, and signaling pathways of CCSCs and their interconnection with TME components is needed to improve the treatment of colorectal cancer and the patient\'s life quality. In this review, we address current different targeted therapeutic options that target cell surface markers and signaling pathways of CCSCs and other components of TME. Current challenges and future perspectives of colon cancer personalized therapy are also provided here. Taken together, based on the deep understanding of biology of CCSCs and using three-dimensional culture technologies, it can be possible to reach successful colon cancer eradication and improvise combination targeted therapies against CCSCs and TME.
摘要：
尽管在结肠癌治疗方面取得了许多进展和优化，肿瘤复发和转移使得开发新的治疗方法成为必要.结肠癌干细胞（CCSCs）被认为是癌症进展的主要触发因素。复发,和转移。由于积累的遗传和表观遗传改变以及与肿瘤微环境（TME）的复杂互连，CCSC可以进化并转化为完整的恶性细胞。越来越多的证据表明，在癌症治疗中，TME中的CCSC和非CCSC都必须被认为突破了当前治疗的局限性。在这方面,一些非CCSC的干细胞能力可能出现在TME条件内。因此,对监管机制有深刻的了解，异质性，特定标记,需要CCSCs的信号通路及其与TME成分的相互联系，以改善结直肠癌的治疗和患者的生活质量。在这次审查中,我们探讨了目前靶向CCSCs和TME其他成分的细胞表面标志物和信号通路的不同靶向治疗方案.本文还提供了结肠癌个性化治疗的当前挑战和未来前景。一起来看,基于对CCSCs生物学的深刻理解，利用三维培养技术，有可能成功根除结肠癌,并针对CCSCs和TME进行联合靶向治疗.
