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Abstract：
Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food producing industries in the world. This dramatic increase in growth has raised many environmental concerns. Evaluation of fish farm effluent is frequently assessed by physicochemical parameters. This approach indicates potential degradation caused by the effluent and not cumulative effects on aquatic ecosystems. This study investigated relationships between physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen and suspended solids), typically used to assess water quality with the Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata algal bioassay, which evaluated the potential ecotoxicological effects that freshwater fish farm effluent has on its receiving ecosystems and organisms. Influent and effluent samples were collected from a freshwater farm facility every two weeks from April 2018 to October 2018 in the Republic of Ireland. This monitoring period coincided with one of the warmest and driest periods recorded by meteorological stations in the Republic of Ireland. Physicochemical analyses were found to be similar to those in other farm studies. After exposure of algae to the effluent, stimulation of algal growth rates increased by >50%. This stimulation was observed during periods of increased temperatures which were as a result of heat wave and drought conditions experienced during monitoring. Correlation studies identified a moderately strong relationship between algal stimulation and temperature (r = -0.619). This study discovered that removal of Lemna minor (aquatic plant), impacted strongly on the freshwater farm pond-process to cope with nitrates. The constructed wetland system was unable to efficiently treat nitrates and phosphates during conditions of drought. These findings indicate that standard water quality parameters may not be applicable to inform appropriate suitability of fish farm effluent for discharge to receiving water. The research conducted in this study has suggested a potential toolbox that includes P. subcapitata may provide an early warning system for adverse effects as a result of climate change.
摘要：
水产养殖是世界上发展最快的食品生产行业之一。这种急剧增长引发了许多环境问题。养鱼场废水的评估通常通过物理化学参数进行评估。这种方法表明，废水可能会导致降解，而不是对水生生态系统的累积影响。本研究调查了物理化学参数(温度，pH值,电导率，氮，磷，氧气和悬浮固体)，通常用于通过Pseudokirchneriellasubcapitata藻类生物测定来评估水质，评估了淡水鱼场废水对其接收生态系统和生物的潜在生态毒理学影响。从2018年4月至2018年10月，每两周从爱尔兰共和国的淡水农场设施中收集一次进水和废水样品。此监测期与爱尔兰共和国气象站记录的最温暖和最干燥的时期之一相吻合。发现物理化学分析与其他农场研究中的相似。藻类暴露于废水后，刺激藻类生长速率增加>50%。在监测过程中经历的热浪和干旱条件导致的温度升高期间观察到了这种刺激。相关研究发现藻类刺激与温度之间存在中等强度的关系（r=-0.619）。这项研究发现，去除小浮萍（水生植物），对淡水农场池塘过程产生了强烈影响，以应对硝酸盐。在干旱条件下，人工湿地系统无法有效处理硝酸盐和磷酸盐。这些发现表明，标准水质参数可能不适用于告知养鱼场废水是否适合排放到接收水。在这项研究中进行的研究提出了一个潜在的工具箱，其中包括P.subcapitata可能会提供一个早期预警系统，以应对气候变化带来的不利影响。
