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Abstract：
This work is focused on assessing the potential for the exploitation of used cooking oils (UCOs) as oleochemical feedstock for urban biorefineries. The study case was developed for the city of Bogotá, Colombia. Initially, and according to data from major fats and oils distributors, market information, and public databases, it was estimated that total annual generation of UCOs in Colombia is about 225,000 t, with a per capita of ca. 5 kg/person/yr. Correspondingly, UCOs generation in Bogotá was estimated in at least 45,000 t/yr., with a major generation occurring at Household and HORECA (Hotels, Restaurants and Catering) segments. Specifically in HORECA, fast food restaurants (in particular those of hamburger and chicken) were identified as the main UCOs generators with a suitable supply for industrial exploitation. Then, UCOs samples from this segment of restaurants were subjected to physicochemical characterization by determination of density, volatile matter content, acid value, color, peroxide value, saponification value, iodine value, and content of total polar compounds. The properties associated with the degree of degradation of the oil showed a large variation, even among samples from the same origin. This heterogeneity indicates the need for a pre-treatment process before its reuse. Despite the heterogeneity of the samples, density, iodine value, and saponification value showed slight changes among the different restaurants, largely depending on the nature of the processed cooking oil rather than on the cooking conditions. The collected UCOs showed iodine values and saponification indexes ranging between 80 and 119 g I2/100 g, and 178-201 mg KOH/g, respectively. This indicates that after a suitable purification, UCOs could be used as raw material for a variety of high value oleochemicals. Finally, based upon market data, and to boost further studies, some promissory value-added derivatives are identified.
摘要：
这项工作的重点是评估将使用过的食用油（UCO）用作城市生物精炼厂的油脂化学原料的潜力。该研究案例是为波哥大市开发的，哥伦比亚。最初，根据主要油脂分销商的数据，市场信息,和公共数据库，据估计，哥伦比亚每年的UCOs总发电量约为22.5万吨，人均为ca。5kg/人/年。相应地,波哥大的UCO产量估计至少为45,000吨/年。,主要一代人发生在家庭和霍雷卡(酒店，餐厅和餐饮）细分市场。特别是在霍雷卡,快餐店（尤其是汉堡包和鸡肉）被确定为主要的UCO发电机，为工业开发提供了合适的供应。然后，来自这部分餐馆的UCOs样品通过密度测定进行物理化学表征，挥发物含量，酸值,颜色,过氧化值,皂化值,碘值,和总极性化合物的含量。与油的降解程度相关的性质表现出很大的变化，即使是来自同一来源的样本。这种异质性表明在重复使用之前需要预处理过程。尽管样本的异质性，密度,碘值,不同餐厅的皂化值略有变化，很大程度上取决于加工食用油的性质，而不是烹饪条件。收集的UCOs显示碘值和皂化指数在80至119gI2/100g之间，和178-201毫克KOH/克，分别。这表明在适当的纯化后，UCO可以用作各种高价值油脂化学品的原料。最后,根据市场数据，并促进进一步的研究，确定了一些期许增值衍生品。
