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Abstract：
Despite major strides in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden with modification of classic CVD risk factors, significant residual risks remain. Recent discoveries that linked intestinal microbiota and CVD have broadened our understanding of how dietary nutrients may affect cardiovascular health and disease. Although next-generation sequencing techniques can identify gut microbial community participants and provide insights into microbial composition shifts in response to physiological responses and dietary exposures, provisions of prebiotics or probiotics have yet to show therapeutic benefit for CVD. Our evolving understanding of intestinal microbiota-derived physiological modulators (e.g., short-chain fatty acids) and pathogenic mediators (e.g., trimethylamine N-oxide) of host disease susceptibility have created novel potential therapeutic opportunities for improved cardiovascular health. This review discusses the roles of human intestinal microbiota in normal physiology, their associations with CVD susceptibilities, and the potential of modulating intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism as a novel therapeutic target for CVD.
摘要：
尽管在减少心血管疾病（CVD）负担方面取得了重大进展，但通过修改经典的CVD危险因素，重大剩余风险依然存在。最近的发现将肠道微生物群和CVD联系起来，扩大了我们对饮食营养素如何影响心血管健康和疾病的理解。尽管下一代测序技术可以识别肠道微生物群落参与者，并为响应生理反应和饮食暴露的微生物组成变化提供见解，提供益生元或益生菌尚未显示对CVD的治疗益处。我们对肠道微生物群衍生的生理调节剂的不断发展的理解(例如，短链脂肪酸)和致病介质(例如，宿主疾病易感性的三甲胺N-氧化物）为改善心血管健康创造了新的潜在治疗机会。这篇综述讨论了人类肠道菌群在正常生理、它们与CVD磁化率的关联，以及调节肠道微生物群组成和代谢作为CVD新治疗靶点的潜力。
