METHODS: A systematic review of literature was conducted.
RESULTS: The pharmacokinetics of midazolam depends on hepatic and renal functions, fat tissue mass, route and duration of administration, as well as potential drug-drug interactions. Palliative care patients constitute a high-risk group prone to side effects of drugs, due to polytherapy and multi-organ failure.
CONCLUSIONS: Midazolam is one of three most frequently administered drugs in palliative care. The indications for its use include anxiety, dyspnea, seizures, vomiting refractory to treatment, agitation, myoclonus, status epilepticus, restlessness, delirium, pruritus, hiccups, insomnia, analgosedation, palliative sedation and preventing or counteracting undesired effects of ketamine.
方法:对文献进行系统综述。
结果:咪达唑仑的药代动力学取决于肝肾功能,脂肪组织块,给药途径和持续时间,以及潜在的药物相互作用。姑息治疗患者构成了易发生药物副作用的高危人群,由于综合疗法和多器官衰竭。
结论:咪达唑仑是姑息治疗中三种最常用的药物之一。其使用的适应症包括焦虑,呼吸困难,癫痫发作,呕吐难以治疗,激动,肌阵鸣,癫痫持续状态,躁动,谵妄,瘙痒,打嗝,失眠,镇痛,姑息镇静和预防或抵消氯胺酮的不良影响。