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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. This study aims to systemically review the evidence regarding the relationship between the FGF-21 levels and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as the related influential factors.
METHODS: Research related to plasma/serum FGF-21 levels in patients with T2DM and healthy controls were searched in PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library databases (up to 31 March 2017). Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI was calculated by fixed-effect or random-effect model analysis. Heterogeneity test was performed by the Q-statistic and quantified using I 2, and publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger\'s linear regression test.
RESULTS: In total, 317 articles were obtained after searching databases, and 11 studies with 866 patients with T2DM and 629 controls were finally included. Meta-analysis revealed that, compared with the control group, the T2DM group had a significantly higher plasma/serum FGF-21 level (p < 0.001), with the SMD of 1.34% and 95% CI (0.70 to 1.98). Meta-regression analysis and subgroup analyses suggested that body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were likely related to the observed FGF-21 differences between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our study suggests that patients with T2DM have significantly higher plasma/serum FGF-21 levels, and the FGF-21 levels were influenced by BMI, TC and TG.
METHODS: Research related to plasma/serum FGF-21 levels in patients with T2DM and healthy controls were searched in PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library databases (up to 31 March 2017). Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI was calculated by fixed-effect or random-effect model analysis. Heterogeneity test was performed by the Q-statistic and quantified using I 2, and publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger\'s linear regression test.
RESULTS: In total, 317 articles were obtained after searching databases, and 11 studies with 866 patients with T2DM and 629 controls were finally included. Meta-analysis revealed that, compared with the control group, the T2DM group had a significantly higher plasma/serum FGF-21 level (p < 0.001), with the SMD of 1.34% and 95% CI (0.70 to 1.98). Meta-regression analysis and subgroup analyses suggested that body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were likely related to the observed FGF-21 differences between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our study suggests that patients with T2DM have significantly higher plasma/serum FGF-21 levels, and the FGF-21 levels were influenced by BMI, TC and TG.
摘要：
目的：成纤维细胞生长因子-21(FGF-21)在糖脂代谢中发挥重要作用。本研究旨在系统回顾关于FGF-21水平与2型糖尿病（T2DM）之间关系的证据。以及相关影响因素。
方法：在PubMed,EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆数据库（截至2017年3月31日）。通过固定效应或随机效应模型分析计算具有95％CI的集合标准平均差（SMD）。通过Q统计量进行异质性检验，并使用I2进行量化，并使用漏斗图和Egger线性回归检验评估发表偏倚。
结果：总计，检索数据库后获得317篇文章，最终纳入了866例T2DM患者和629例对照的11项研究.荟萃分析显示，与对照组相比，2型糖尿病组血浆/血清FGF-21水平显著升高(p<0.001),SMD为1.34%和95%CI（0.70至1.98）。Meta回归分析和亚组分析表明，体重指数(BMI)、甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇（TC）可能与两组之间观察到的FGF-21差异有关。
结论：总体而言，我们的研究提示T2DM患者血浆/血清FGF-21水平显著升高,FGF-21水平受BMI的影响，TC和TG。
方法：在PubMed,EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆数据库（截至2017年3月31日）。通过固定效应或随机效应模型分析计算具有95％CI的集合标准平均差（SMD）。通过Q统计量进行异质性检验，并使用I2进行量化，并使用漏斗图和Egger线性回归检验评估发表偏倚。
结果：总计，检索数据库后获得317篇文章，最终纳入了866例T2DM患者和629例对照的11项研究.荟萃分析显示，与对照组相比，2型糖尿病组血浆/血清FGF-21水平显著升高(p<0.001),SMD为1.34%和95%CI（0.70至1.98）。Meta回归分析和亚组分析表明，体重指数(BMI)、甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇（TC）可能与两组之间观察到的FGF-21差异有关。
结论：总体而言，我们的研究提示T2DM患者血浆/血清FGF-21水平显著升高,FGF-21水平受BMI的影响，TC和TG。
