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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To determine long-term outcome of phacoemulsification in raptors at the University of Tennessee Veterinary Medical Center.
METHODS: Seven nonreleasable diurnal raptors including, four bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), two red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), and one peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) that had undergone phacoemulsification. All birds showed behavioral changes attributable to visual deficits prior to surgery.
METHODS: All birds underwent phacoemulsification for cataracts. Four underwent bilateral phacoemulsification, and three had unilateral surgery. Due to a low sample size, statistics were not done.
RESULTS: Six raptors (nine eyes) had long-term follow-up (median 75 months, range 28 to 105 months). Seven of these eyes (78%) were visual at last examination. Of those visual eyes, two developed mild to moderate posterior synechiae, four had mild to moderate capsular opacities, and one developed a lipid keratopathy. The remaining two eyes with long-term follow-up were from the same red-tailed hawk. Both eyes developed fibropupillary membranes that were blinding. One eye was pseudophakic, and the other was aphakic and also developed a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Another bald eagle was euthanized two months after surgery due to refractory glaucoma; one eye was pseudophakic.
CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification is a viable treatment for captive raptors with cataracts. The most severe complications occurred relatively soon after surgery. Captive raptors appear to adapt well to aphakia.
METHODS: Seven nonreleasable diurnal raptors including, four bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), two red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), and one peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) that had undergone phacoemulsification. All birds showed behavioral changes attributable to visual deficits prior to surgery.
METHODS: All birds underwent phacoemulsification for cataracts. Four underwent bilateral phacoemulsification, and three had unilateral surgery. Due to a low sample size, statistics were not done.
RESULTS: Six raptors (nine eyes) had long-term follow-up (median 75 months, range 28 to 105 months). Seven of these eyes (78%) were visual at last examination. Of those visual eyes, two developed mild to moderate posterior synechiae, four had mild to moderate capsular opacities, and one developed a lipid keratopathy. The remaining two eyes with long-term follow-up were from the same red-tailed hawk. Both eyes developed fibropupillary membranes that were blinding. One eye was pseudophakic, and the other was aphakic and also developed a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Another bald eagle was euthanized two months after surgery due to refractory glaucoma; one eye was pseudophakic.
CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification is a viable treatment for captive raptors with cataracts. The most severe complications occurred relatively soon after surgery. Captive raptors appear to adapt well to aphakia.
摘要：
目的：在田纳西大学兽医医学中心确定猛禽超声乳化术的长期结果。
方法：七种不可释放的昼夜猛禽，包括，四只秃鹰（Haliaeetusleucocephalus），两只红尾鹰（Buteojamaicensis），和一只接受过超声乳化手术的游eg（Falcoperegrinus）。所有鸟类在手术前都表现出归因于视觉缺陷的行为变化。
方法：所有鸟类都接受了白内障超声乳化术。四人接受了双侧白内障超声乳化术，三个人做了单侧手术。由于样本量小,没有统计。
结果：六只猛禽（九只眼）进行了长期随访（中位数为75个月，范围为28至105个月)。这些眼睛中的七只(78%)在最后一次检查中是视觉的。在那些视觉的眼睛中，两个发展为轻度至中度的后粘连，四个有轻度至中度的囊膜混浊，其中一人出现了脂质角膜病变。其余两只长期随访的眼睛来自相同的红尾鹰。两只眼睛都出现了纤维瞳孔膜，这些膜是致盲的。一只眼睛是假晶状体，另一种是无晶状体的，也发生了孔源性视网膜脱离。由于难治性青光眼，另一只秃鹰在手术后两个月被安乐死；一只眼睛是假晶状体。
结论：白内障超声乳化术是一种可行的治疗方法。最严重的并发症发生在手术后相对较快。圈养的猛禽似乎很好地适应无晶状体。
方法：七种不可释放的昼夜猛禽，包括，四只秃鹰（Haliaeetusleucocephalus），两只红尾鹰（Buteojamaicensis），和一只接受过超声乳化手术的游eg（Falcoperegrinus）。所有鸟类在手术前都表现出归因于视觉缺陷的行为变化。
方法：所有鸟类都接受了白内障超声乳化术。四人接受了双侧白内障超声乳化术，三个人做了单侧手术。由于样本量小,没有统计。
结果：六只猛禽（九只眼）进行了长期随访（中位数为75个月，范围为28至105个月)。这些眼睛中的七只(78%)在最后一次检查中是视觉的。在那些视觉的眼睛中，两个发展为轻度至中度的后粘连，四个有轻度至中度的囊膜混浊，其中一人出现了脂质角膜病变。其余两只长期随访的眼睛来自相同的红尾鹰。两只眼睛都出现了纤维瞳孔膜，这些膜是致盲的。一只眼睛是假晶状体，另一种是无晶状体的，也发生了孔源性视网膜脱离。由于难治性青光眼，另一只秃鹰在手术后两个月被安乐死；一只眼睛是假晶状体。
结论：白内障超声乳化术是一种可行的治疗方法。最严重的并发症发生在手术后相对较快。圈养的猛禽似乎很好地适应无晶状体。
