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Abstract：
The visual system is constantly bombarded with information originating from the outside world, but it is unable to process all the received information at any given time. In fact, the most salient parts of the visual scene are chosen to be processed involuntarily and immediately after the first glance along with endogenous signals in the brain. Vision scientists have shown that the early visual system, from retina to lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and then primary visual cortex, selectively processes the low-level features of the visual scene. Everything we perceive from the visual scene is based on these feature properties and their subsequent combination in higher visual areas. Different experiments have been designed to investigate the impact of these features on saliency and understand the relative visual mechanisms. In this paper, we review the psychophysical experiments which have been published in the last decades to indicate how the low-level salient features are processed in the early visual cortex and extract the most important and basic information of the visual scene. Important and open questions are discussed in this review as well and one might pursue these questions to investigate the impact of higher level features on saliency in complex scenes or natural images.
摘要：
视觉系统不断受到来自外部世界的信息的轰炸，但它无法在任何给定时间处理所有收到的信息。事实上,视觉场景中最突出的部分被选择为不由自主地处理，并在第一眼看到后立即与大脑中的内源性信号一起处理。视觉科学家已经证明，早期的视觉系统，从视网膜到外侧膝状核（LGN），然后是初级视觉皮层，选择性地处理视觉场景的低级特征。我们从视觉场景中感知到的一切都基于这些特征属性以及它们在更高视觉区域中的后续组合。设计了不同的实验来研究这些特征对显著性的影响并了解相关的视觉机制。在本文中,我们回顾了过去几十年发表的心理物理实验，以表明如何在早期视觉皮层中处理低级显着特征，并提取视觉场景中最重要和最基本的信息。在这篇评论中也讨论了重要和开放的问题，人们可能会追求这些问题，以研究更高级别的特征对复杂场景或自然图像中显着性的影响。
