Abstract：
Aside from their intended actions, fungicides can drive pest insect outbreaks due to virtually continuous use and pest evolution. Small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus, outbreaks occurred recently in many provinces in China, with devastating rice losses. Because exposure to the fungicide jinggangmycin (JGM) increased reproduction of the brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens, via its influence on fatty acid synthase, we posed the hypothesis that JGM and carbendazim (CBM) influence SBPH reproduction via their influence on enzymes involved in other aspects of lipid metabolism. Exposure to the fungicide CBM stimulated SBPH reproduction (egg-laying up by 78%) and to another fungicide, JGM, led to decreased egg-laying (down by 47.3%). These inverse effects are mediated by down-regulated expression of l-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (LCHAD) in JGM-treated females and up-regulated expression of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-like protein 2-like (HSD) in CBM-treated females. RNAi knockdown of, separately, LCHAD and HSD led to reduced egg-laying (down by 52% for dsLCHAD and by 73% for dsHSD). dsLCHAD, dsHSD, and JGM treatments also led to severely reduced ovarian development in experimental SBPH, with shorted and thinned valvula and lack of egg cells in ovaries. Valvula of CBM-treated females enlarged, with banana-shaped eggs in ovaries. These data strongly support our hypothesis.
摘要：
除了他们的预期行动，由于几乎连续使用和害虫进化，杀真菌剂可以驱动害虫的爆发。棕色小飞虱（SBPH），老德尔福纹状体，最近在中国许多省份爆发了疫情，毁灭性的大米损失。因为暴露于杀菌剂井冈霉素（JGM）增加了棕色植物料斗的繁殖，Nilaparvatalugens,通过其对脂肪酸合成酶的影响，我们提出了以下假设：JGM和多菌灵（CBM）通过影响脂质代谢其他方面的酶来影响SBPH的繁殖。暴露于杀真菌剂CBM刺激SBPH繁殖（产卵达78％）和另一种杀真菌剂，JGM,导致产蛋减少(下降47.3%)。这些反向效应是由JGM处理的女性中1-3-羟基酰基辅酶A脱氢酶（LCHAD）的表达下调和CBM处理的女性中羟基类固醇脱氢酶样蛋白2样（HSD）的表达上调介导的。RNAi击倒，分开,LCHAD和HSD导致产卵减少（dsLCHAD下降52％，dsHSD下降73％）。dsLCHAD,dsHSD,和JGM治疗也导致严重减少的卵巢发育在实验SBPH，瓣膜缩短和变薄，卵巢中缺乏卵细胞。经CBM治疗的女性的瓣膜扩大，卵巢里有香蕉状的卵.这些数据强烈支持我们的假设。
