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Abstract：
Purpose/aim: To focus on current aspects of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL), which is a rare clinical entity usually manifested by a rapidly growing mass in the neck that can cause pressure symptoms.
METHODS: Relevant papers in PubMed published through June 2017 were selected to track updated information about PTL with an emphasis on diagnosis and novel therapeutic management.
RESULTS: The most frequent cases include non-Hodgkin lymphoma derived from B-cells, mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) followed by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma or a mixed type. Other subtypes are less common. Lymphomas derived from T-cells and Hodgkin lymphomas are extremely rare. Hashimoto\'s autoimmune thyroiditis has been implicated as a risk factor for lymphoma. At the molecular level, the Wnt5a protein and its receptor Ror2 are involved in the course of the disease. Ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, and core or open biopsy combined with new diagnostic facilities contribute to an accurate diagnosis. An increased potential exists for a cure without the need for a radical surgical procedure. Modern chemoradiation therapy plus the monoclonal antibody rituximab, which acts against CD20, have limited the need for surgical interventions and provide an excellent outcome in most cases. However, some cases have resulted in treatment failure or recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: A multidisciplinary approach must be used to define the management policy in each case. Future efforts by researchers are likely to be focused on the molecular level.
METHODS: Relevant papers in PubMed published through June 2017 were selected to track updated information about PTL with an emphasis on diagnosis and novel therapeutic management.
RESULTS: The most frequent cases include non-Hodgkin lymphoma derived from B-cells, mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) followed by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma or a mixed type. Other subtypes are less common. Lymphomas derived from T-cells and Hodgkin lymphomas are extremely rare. Hashimoto\'s autoimmune thyroiditis has been implicated as a risk factor for lymphoma. At the molecular level, the Wnt5a protein and its receptor Ror2 are involved in the course of the disease. Ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, and core or open biopsy combined with new diagnostic facilities contribute to an accurate diagnosis. An increased potential exists for a cure without the need for a radical surgical procedure. Modern chemoradiation therapy plus the monoclonal antibody rituximab, which acts against CD20, have limited the need for surgical interventions and provide an excellent outcome in most cases. However, some cases have resulted in treatment failure or recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: A multidisciplinary approach must be used to define the management policy in each case. Future efforts by researchers are likely to be focused on the molecular level.
摘要：
目的/目的：关注原发性甲状腺淋巴瘤（PTL）的现状，这是一种罕见的临床实体，通常表现为颈部肿块迅速增长，可引起压力症状。
方法：选择截至2017年6月发表在PubMed上的相关论文来跟踪有关PTL的最新信息，重点是诊断和新的治疗管理。
结果：最常见的病例包括来自B细胞的非霍奇金淋巴瘤，主要是弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL），其次是粘膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤或混合型。其他亚型不太常见。源自T细胞的淋巴瘤和霍奇金淋巴瘤极为罕见。桥本的自身免疫性甲状腺炎被认为是淋巴瘤的危险因素。在分子水平上,Wnt5a蛋白及其受体Ror2参与了疾病的进程。超声检查,细针穿刺（FNA）活检，和核心或开放活检结合新的诊断设施有助于准确的诊断。在不需要彻底外科手术的情况下存在治愈的增加的潜力。现代放化疗加单克隆抗体利妥昔单抗，它对CD20起作用,限制了对手术干预的需求,并在大多数情况下提供了极好的结果.然而,一些病例导致治疗失败或复发。
结论：必须使用多学科方法来定义每种情况下的管理政策。研究人员未来的努力可能集中在分子水平上。
方法：选择截至2017年6月发表在PubMed上的相关论文来跟踪有关PTL的最新信息，重点是诊断和新的治疗管理。
结果：最常见的病例包括来自B细胞的非霍奇金淋巴瘤，主要是弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL），其次是粘膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤或混合型。其他亚型不太常见。源自T细胞的淋巴瘤和霍奇金淋巴瘤极为罕见。桥本的自身免疫性甲状腺炎被认为是淋巴瘤的危险因素。在分子水平上,Wnt5a蛋白及其受体Ror2参与了疾病的进程。超声检查,细针穿刺（FNA）活检，和核心或开放活检结合新的诊断设施有助于准确的诊断。在不需要彻底外科手术的情况下存在治愈的增加的潜力。现代放化疗加单克隆抗体利妥昔单抗，它对CD20起作用,限制了对手术干预的需求,并在大多数情况下提供了极好的结果.然而,一些病例导致治疗失败或复发。
结论：必须使用多学科方法来定义每种情况下的管理政策。研究人员未来的努力可能集中在分子水平上。
