Abstract:
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest threats to human health worldwide. The rate of development of newer antibiotics is much slower than the rate of development of antibiotic resistance. A survey reported that it takes 15 years and US$800 million (including preclinical and clinical costs) to bring a single drug to the market, whereas the reuse of the older drugs for antimicrobial use takes $17 million, thereby circumventing 40% of the overall cost. The first case is a patient with nosocomial pyrexia of unknown origin who was given treatment with tigecycline and cefepime/tazobactam but failed to respond to the same. However, the patient responded to the treatment with cotrimoxazole. The second case is a patient with meningitis caused by an atypical zoonotic pathogen, Staphylococcus chromogenes. This is the first report of human infection with S. chromogenes, this being a common cause of bovine mastitis. The isolate was obtained from a patient of neurotrauma who developed meningitis after decompressive craniotomy. The strain was obtained from cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and shunt chamber pus. Cotrimoxazole was given for the treatment, and the patient improved after the treatment. Although the newer antibiotics have replaced sulfonamides in the treatment of many infections, they are still of great value and are the agents of choice in many infections. Sulfonamides have wide antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but their usefulness has diminished with the emergence of resistant strains. This paper reports cases of two different kinds of infections from a level 1 trauma center, who failed to respond to the newer antibiotics but showed a response to administration of cotrimoxazole.
摘要:
抗菌素耐药性是全球范围内对人类健康的最大威胁之一。新型抗生素的发展速度比抗生素抗性的发展速度慢得多。一项调查报告称,将单一药物推向市场需要15年和8亿美元(包括临床前和临床成本),而重复使用较旧的抗菌药物需要花费1700万美元,从而规避了总成本的40%。第一个病例是不明原因的医院内发热患者,曾接受替加环素和头孢吡肟/他唑巴坦治疗,但对相同的治疗无效。然而,患者对复方新诺明治疗有反应。第二例是由非典型人畜共患病原体引起的脑膜炎患者,葡萄球菌色基因。这是人类感染嗜色链球菌的第一份报告,这是牛乳腺炎的常见原因。该分离株是从神经创伤患者中获得的,该患者在开颅减压术后发展为脑膜炎。菌株是从脑脊液中获得的,血,和分流室脓液。给予复方新诺明治疗,治疗后患者好转。尽管新型抗生素在治疗许多感染方面已经取代了磺胺类药物,它们仍然很有价值,是许多感染的首选药物。磺胺类药物对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌都具有广泛的抗菌活性,但是随着耐药菌株的出现,它们的实用性已经减弱。本文报道了1级创伤中心两种不同类型的感染病例,他对新型抗生素没有反应,但对复方新诺明的给药有反应。