PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Human parvovirus 4 (\'PARV4\') is a small DNA tetraparvovirus, first reported in 2005. In some populations, PARV4 infection is uncommon, and evidence of exposure is found only in individuals with risk factors for parenteral infection who are infected with other blood-borne viruses. In other settings, seroprevalence studies suggest an endemic, age-associated transmission pattern, independent of any specific risk factors. The clinical impact of PARV4 infection remains uncertain, but reported disease associations include an influenza-like syndrome, encephalitis, acceleration of HIV disease, and foetal hydrops. In this review, we set out to report progress updates from the recent literature, focusing on the investigation of cohorts in different geographical settings, now including insights from Asia, the Middle East, and South America, and discussing whether attributes of viral or host populations underpin the striking differences in epidemiology. We review progress in understanding viral phylogeny and biology, approaches to diagnostics, and insights that might be gained from studies of closely related animal pathogens. Crucial questions about pathogenicity remain unanswered, but we highlight new evidence supporting a possible link between PARV4 and an encephalitis syndrome. The unequivocal evidence that PARV4 is endemic in certain populations should drive ongoing research efforts to understand risk factors and routes of transmission and to gain new insights into the impact of this virus on human health.
摘要：
人类细小病毒4(\'PARV4\')是一种小的DNA四细小病毒,2005年首次报道。在一些人群中,PARV4感染并不常见,并且仅在感染其他血液传播病毒的具有肠胃外感染危险因素的个体中发现暴露的证据。在其他设置中，血清阳性率研究表明，与年龄相关的传播模式，独立于任何特定的风险因素。PARV4感染的临床影响仍不确定。但报告的疾病关联包括流感样综合征，脑炎,加速艾滋病毒疾病，和胎儿积水。在这次审查中,我们开始报告最新文献的进展情况，重点调查不同地理环境的队列，现在包括来自亚洲的见解，中东,南美,并讨论病毒或宿主种群的属性是否支持流行病学的显着差异。我们回顾了在理解病毒系统发育和生物学方面的进展，诊断方法，以及可能从密切相关的动物病原体研究中获得的见解。关于致病性的关键问题仍然没有答案，但我们强调了支持PARV4与脑炎综合征之间可能存在联系的新证据.PARV4在某些人群中流行的明确证据应该推动正在进行的研究工作，以了解风险因素和传播途径，并获得关于这种病毒对人类健康影响的新见解。
