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Abstract：
Ultrasound is an undervalued non-invasive examination in the diagnosis of colonic diseases. It has been replaced by the considerably more expensive magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, despite the fact that, as first examination, it can usefully supplement the diagnostic process. Transabdominal ultrasound can provide quick information about bowel status and help in the choice of adequate further examinations and treatment. Ultrasonography, as a screening imaging modality in asymptomatic patients can identify several colonic diseases such as diverticulosis, inflammatory bowel disease or cancer. In addition, it is widely available, cheap, non-invasive technique without the use of ionizing radiation, therefore it is safe to use in childhood or during pregnancy, and can be repeated at any time. New ultrasound techniques such as elastography, contrast enhanced and Doppler ultrasound, mini-probes rectal and transperineal ultrasonography have broadened the indication. It gives an overview of the methodology of various ultrasound examinations, presents the morphology of normal bowel wall and the typical changes in different colonic diseases. We will pay particular attention to rectal and transperineal ultrasound because of their outstanding significance in the diagnosis of rectal and perineal disorders. This article seeks to overview the diagnostic impact and correct indications of bowel ultrasound.
摘要：
超声是结肠疾病诊断中被低估的非侵入性检查。它已经被昂贵得多的磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描所取代，尽管事实上,作为第一次考试，它可以有效地补充诊断过程。经腹超声可以提供有关肠道状态的快速信息，并有助于选择适当的进一步检查和治疗。超声检查,作为无症状患者的筛查成像方式，可以识别几种结肠疾病，如憩室病，炎症性肠病或癌症。此外,它广泛可用，便宜,不使用电离辐射的非侵入性技术，因此，在儿童或怀孕期间使用是安全的，并且可以随时重复。新的超声技术，如弹性成像，对比增强和多普勒超声，微型探头直肠和经会阴超声检查扩大了适应症。它概述了各种超声检查的方法，介绍了正常肠壁的形态和不同结肠疾病的典型变化。我们将特别注意直肠和经会阴超声，因为它们在直肠和会阴疾病的诊断中具有突出的意义。本文旨在概述肠道超声的诊断影响和正确适应症。
