METHODS: PNI was assessed in 117 cases of primary and recurrent cases of OSCC. PNI was correlated with tumor thickness, lymph node status and with the different histologic grades. Location of PNI, density of PNI and various patterns of PNI were also assessed.
METHODS: Chi-square test.
RESULTS: Our study showed that 47 out of 117 patients (40.5%) showed PNI. Both primary and recurrent tumors showed PNI of 42.50% and 40.50%, respectively. PNI was present in 34 out of 69 cases (49.3%) of clinically positive nodes. Around 79% of the nerves involved by PNI were intratumoral in location, 80% of the cases showed PNI density of 1-3 nerves per section and incomplete and/or \"crescent-like\" encirclement was the most common pattern of PNI noted in our study.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that the incidence of PNI was as high as 40% in OSCC. PNI was present in both primary and recurrent tumors, irrespective of its histologic grading. Tumor thickness and lymph node status correlated well with PNI. Therefore, the presence of PNI should be checked in every surgical specimen with OSCC as it gives significant prognostic value, influences treatment decisions, recurrence and distant metastasis. The presence of PNI necessitates more aggressive resection, coincident management of neck lymph nodes and the addition of adjuvant therapy. Also, targeted drug therapy for this type of tumor spread can open up new avenues in the treatment of OSCC.