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Abstract：
Pulses, including dried peas, are nutrient- and fibre-rich foods that improve glucose control in diabetic subjects compared with other fibre sources. We hypothesized feeding cooked pea seed coats to insulin-resistant rats would improve glucose tolerance by modifying gut responses to glucose and reducing stress on pancreatic islets. Glucose intolerance induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet (HFD; 10% cellulose as fibre) was followed by 3 weeks of HFD with fibre (10%) provided by cellulose, raw-pea seed coat (RP), or cooked-pea seed coat (CP). A fourth group consumed low-fat diet with 10% cellulose. Oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (oGTT, ipGTT) were done. CP rats had 30% and 50% lower glucose and insulin responses in oGTT, respectively, compared with the HFD group (P < 0.05) but ipGTT was not different. Plasma islet and incretin hormone concentrations were measured. α- and β-cell areas in the pancreas and density of K- and L-cells in jejunum and ileum were quantified. Jejunal expression of hexose transporters was measured. CP feeding increased fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-stimulated gastric inhibitory polypeptide responses (P < 0.05), but K- and L-cells densities were comparable to HFD, as was abundance of SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA. No significant difference in β-cell area between diet groups was observed. α-cell area was significantly smaller in CP compared with RP rats (P < 0.05). Overall, our results demonstrate that CP feeding can reverse adverse effects of HFD on glucose homeostasis and is associated with enhanced incretin secretion and reduced α-cell abundance.
摘要：
脉冲,包括干豌豆,是富含营养和纤维的食物，与其他纤维来源相比，可以改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制。我们假设将煮熟的豌豆种皮喂入胰岛素抵抗大鼠将通过改变肠道对葡萄糖的反应并减轻胰岛的压力来改善葡萄糖耐量。在具有高脂饮食（HFD;10％纤维素作为纤维）的雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠中诱导的葡萄糖耐受不良，然后进行3周的HFD，其中纤维（10％）由纤维素提供，生豌豆种皮（RP），或煮熟的豌豆种皮（CP）。第四组食用含有10%纤维素的低脂饮食。口服和腹膜内葡萄糖耐量试验(oGTT，ipGTT）已经完成。CP大鼠在oGTT中葡萄糖和胰岛素反应降低30%和50%，分别,与HFD组比较(P<0.05),但ipGTT无差异。测量血浆胰岛和肠促胰岛素激素浓度。定量胰腺中的α-和β-细胞区域以及空肠和回肠中的K-和L-细胞的密度。测量己糖转运蛋白的空肠表达。CP喂养增加空腹胰高血糖素样肽1和葡萄糖刺激的胃抑制多肽反应（P<0.05），但K-和L-细胞密度与HFD相当，SGLT1和GLUT2mRNA的丰度也是如此。在饮食组之间没有观察到β细胞面积的显著差异。与RP大鼠相比，CP大鼠的α细胞面积明显减小（P<0.05）。总的来说,我们的结果表明,CP喂养可以逆转HFD对葡萄糖稳态的不利影响,并且与肠促胰岛素分泌增加和α细胞丰度降低相关.
