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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Abnormal hemograms are common manifestations and important predictive tools for morbidity in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Few studies have been reported on the blood profile of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive subjects, therefore this study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the blood cell profile of HIV ART naive patients, and to describe the occurrence of the blood cytopenias by CD4 cell counts and WHO clinical stage.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study of ART naive HIV patients was done at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital (YUTH). For eligible participants, a structured questionnaire was filled and a clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of full blood count and CD4 cell count. Blood films were made for the cytological examination of the blood samples and a reticulocyte count was done by the cresyl blue stain method.
RESULTS: Of 81 cases reviewed, 66 (81.5%) had a blood cell disorder. The main qualitative blood disorders on the blood film were metamyelocytes (37.1%), toxic neutrophils (33.3%), stab neutrophils (29.6%), anisocytosis (35.6%) hypochromia (32.1%) and giant platelets (22.2%). Anaemia (62.9%) was the most common quantitative disorder of which 86.3% had low reticulocyte counts. Participants with low CD4 counts and advanced clinical stages had a greater occurrence of blood cytopenias (p-values <0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In the HIV infection, peripheral blood cell abnormalities affect all cell lineages, with anaemia being the most frequent single blood cell abnormality. Blood cytopenias mainly occur in advanced immunosuppression and clinical stages. Although all HIV patients may have blood cell disorders, those with advanced disease are more prone to develop them.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study of ART naive HIV patients was done at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital (YUTH). For eligible participants, a structured questionnaire was filled and a clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of full blood count and CD4 cell count. Blood films were made for the cytological examination of the blood samples and a reticulocyte count was done by the cresyl blue stain method.
RESULTS: Of 81 cases reviewed, 66 (81.5%) had a blood cell disorder. The main qualitative blood disorders on the blood film were metamyelocytes (37.1%), toxic neutrophils (33.3%), stab neutrophils (29.6%), anisocytosis (35.6%) hypochromia (32.1%) and giant platelets (22.2%). Anaemia (62.9%) was the most common quantitative disorder of which 86.3% had low reticulocyte counts. Participants with low CD4 counts and advanced clinical stages had a greater occurrence of blood cytopenias (p-values <0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In the HIV infection, peripheral blood cell abnormalities affect all cell lineages, with anaemia being the most frequent single blood cell abnormality. Blood cytopenias mainly occur in advanced immunosuppression and clinical stages. Although all HIV patients may have blood cell disorders, those with advanced disease are more prone to develop them.
摘要：
背景：异常的血象是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染发病率的常见表现和重要预测工具。很少有关于HIV抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）初治受试者的血液特征的研究报道，因此，本研究旨在定量和定性描述HIVART初治患者的血细胞谱，并通过CD4细胞计数和WHO临床分期来描述血细胞减少症的发生。
方法：在雅温得大学教学医院（YUTH）对未接受ART治疗的HIV患者进行了这项横断面研究。对于符合条件的参与者，我们填写了结构化问卷并进行了临床检查.收集血样用于全血计数和CD4细胞计数的测量。制作血膜用于血液样品的细胞学检查，并通过甲酚蓝染色方法进行网织红细胞计数。
结果：在回顾的81例病例中，66（81.5％）患有血细胞疾病。血膜上的定性血液障碍主要是间充质细胞（37.1％），毒性中性粒细胞（33.3%），刺伤中性粒细胞（29.6%），异红细胞增多症（35.6％）低色素（32.1％）和巨大血小板（22.2％）。贫血（62.9％）是最常见的定量疾病，其中86.3％的网织红细胞计数较低。低CD4计数和晚期临床阶段的参与者有更多的血细胞减少发生率（p值<0.05）。
结论：在HIV感染中，外周血细胞异常影响所有细胞谱系，贫血是最常见的单个血细胞异常。血细胞减少症主要发生在晚期免疫抑制和临床阶段。尽管所有HIV患者都可能患有血细胞疾病，那些患有晚期疾病的人更容易患上它们。
方法：在雅温得大学教学医院（YUTH）对未接受ART治疗的HIV患者进行了这项横断面研究。对于符合条件的参与者，我们填写了结构化问卷并进行了临床检查.收集血样用于全血计数和CD4细胞计数的测量。制作血膜用于血液样品的细胞学检查，并通过甲酚蓝染色方法进行网织红细胞计数。
结果：在回顾的81例病例中，66（81.5％）患有血细胞疾病。血膜上的定性血液障碍主要是间充质细胞（37.1％），毒性中性粒细胞（33.3%），刺伤中性粒细胞（29.6%），异红细胞增多症（35.6％）低色素（32.1％）和巨大血小板（22.2％）。贫血（62.9％）是最常见的定量疾病，其中86.3％的网织红细胞计数较低。低CD4计数和晚期临床阶段的参与者有更多的血细胞减少发生率（p值<0.05）。
结论：在HIV感染中，外周血细胞异常影响所有细胞谱系，贫血是最常见的单个血细胞异常。血细胞减少症主要发生在晚期免疫抑制和临床阶段。尽管所有HIV患者都可能患有血细胞疾病，那些患有晚期疾病的人更容易患上它们。
