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Abstract：
Stress has been shown to negatively affect the immune system, alter the body\'s metabolism, and play a strong role in the development of mood disorders. These effects are mainly driven through the release of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). Additionally, women are more likely to be affected by stress due to the estrogen fluctuation associated with their menstrual cycle. This study aims to evaluate the effect of chronic restraint stress, applied for 30 days, and estrogen replacement on behavior, glucose level, and the lipid profile of ovariectomized rats. Our results suggest that stress increases sweet food consumption in OVX females treated with estradiol (E2), but reduces consumption in animals not treated. Furthermore, stress increases locomotor activity and anxiety as assessed by the Open Field test and in the Elevated Plus Maze. Similarly, our results suggest that E2 increases anxiety in female rats under the same behavioral tests. In addition, stress reduces glucose and TC levels. Moreover, stress increase TG levels in the presence of E2 and decrease in its absence, as well as the estradiol increase TG levels in stressed groups and reduced in non-stressed groups. Our data suggest an important interaction between stress and estrogen, showing that hormonal status can induce changes in the animal\'s response to stress.
摘要：
压力已经被证明会对免疫系统产生负面影响，改变身体的新陈代谢，并在情绪障碍的发展中发挥重要作用。这些作用主要是通过从下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA）释放激素来驱动的。此外,由于与月经周期相关的雌激素波动，女性更容易受到压力的影响。本研究旨在评估慢性束缚应激的影响，申请30天，和雌激素对行为的替代，葡萄糖水平，和去卵巢大鼠的脂质分布。我们的结果表明，压力增加了用雌二醇（E2）治疗的OVX雌性的甜食消耗，但减少了未经治疗的动物的消费。此外，通过开放场测试和高架迷宫评估，压力会增加运动活动和焦虑。同样，我们的结果表明，在相同的行为测试下，E2会增加雌性大鼠的焦虑。此外,压力降低葡萄糖和TC水平。此外，在E2存在的情况下，应激增加TG水平，在不存在的情况下降低，以及雌二醇增加应激组的TG水平，而非应激组的TG水平降低。我们的数据表明压力和雌激素之间存在重要的相互作用，这表明荷尔蒙状态可以引起动物对应激反应的变化。
