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Abstract：
Explaining the coexistence of multiple species in the competition and predation theatre has proven a great challenge. Traditional intraguild predation (IGP) models have only relatively small regions of stable coexistence of all species. Here, we investigate potential additional mechanisms that extend these regions of stable coexistence. We used a 3-species Lotka-Volterra system to which we added an interaction term to model a unidirectional facilitative relationship between the two predators in the IGP. In this modelling study the IG predator was able to precondition a part of the common resource by an instantaneous manipulation, which resulted in the immobilization of the resource species. This mechanism of immobilization facilitated the resource uptake by the IG prey and thus increased its growth rates even in the presence of the common predator. The facilitative relationship of the IG prey by the IG predator produced a stable coexistence of both predators even though the IG prey was an inferior competitor for a common resource, which cannot be attained with the traditional IGP models. Furthermore, our model predicted a 3-species stable coexistence even at high enrichment where no coexistence was found in the basic IGP model. Thus, we showed that diversity of resource traits could significantly alter emergent community patterns via shifts in exploitative competition of IGP-related predators. The described mechanism could potentially lead to a higher efficiency in exploitation of common resources and thus promote higher diversity in a real community.
摘要：
解释多种物种在竞争和捕食剧院中的共存已被证明是一个巨大的挑战。传统的内部捕食（IGP）模型仅具有相对较小的所有物种稳定共存的区域。这里,我们研究了扩展这些稳定共存区域的潜在其他机制.我们使用了3种Lotka-Volterra系统，在该系统中添加了相互作用项以对IGP中两个捕食者之间的单向促进关系进行建模。在这项建模研究中，IG捕食者能够通过瞬时操纵来预处理一部分公共资源，这导致了资源物种的固定。即使在常见捕食者的存在下，这种固定机制也促进了IG猎物的资源吸收，从而提高了其生长速率。IG捕食者对IG猎物的促进关系产生了两个捕食者的稳定共存，即使IG猎物是公共资源的劣等竞争对手，这是传统IGP模型无法实现的。此外，我们的模型预测，即使在基本IGP模型中未发现共存的高度富集下，3种物种仍稳定共存。因此，我们表明，资源性状的多样性可以通过与IGP相关的捕食者的剥削性竞争的变化来显着改变新兴社区模式。所描述的机制可能会导致更高的公共资源开发效率，从而促进现实社区中更高的多样性。
